Updated, peer reviewed and published https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10787-021-00896-7#Sec7 Aspirin has been recently suggested to be independently associated with reduced risk of mechanical ventilation, ICU admission and in-hospital mortality of COVID-19. However, we claim that the molecular interpretation of these important results was not scientifically valid, and we provide our academic interpretation that is also basing on our real-life practice using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in management of COVID-19 and we suggest that inhibition of COX-1 and/or COX-2 enzymes might play a lifesaving role in COVID-19 management, and we further discuss the potential of aspirin triggered lipoxins and resolivns in the same context.

Updated, peer reviewed and published https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10787-021-00896-7#Sec7 We have previously suggested numerous immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory benefits when NSAIDs are administered to manage COVID-19 and in this commentary, we add other potential benefits related to SARS CoV-2 ORF proteins dependent activation of caspases with subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress and necroptosis that were described with complicated COVID-19 as NSAIDs are known to be caspase inhibitors. Moreover, NSAIDs might independently inhibit other COVID-19 associated downstream pathological signaling mechanisms. We also postulate that CARD-14, a caspase recruitment domain-containing protein, polymorphisms might play a role in development of severe and critical COVID-19. We believe that it is very unfortunate that for more than one year of relentless struggle, our recommendation to adopt NSAIDs as first choice COVID-19 therapy has not adopted while lives are lost are succumbed every day.

A document by Mina Kelleni. Click on the document to view its contents.

This preprint has been published: https://juniperpublishers.com/ijoprs/IJOPRS.MS.ID.555658.php Nucleic acid based - mRNA based and adenovirus vectored - vaccines, were first ever or first commercially ever approved for the public, respectively. However, these newly emergency approved types possess a potential risk to induce auto-immune diseases e.g., thrombocytopenia, myocarditis and immune induced thrombosis and thromboembolism that might be fatal and could reason for some of the post vaccination sudden death reports. Moreover, all SARS CoV-2 types of vaccines, depending on the spike protein immunogenicity, especially the conventional inactivated ones might increase the likelihood of COVID-19 severity upon re-infection through antibody dependent enhancement which might reason for the recently described abundance of hospital admissions within seven days of vaccination and might also reason for some of the serious adverse effects encountered with administration of convalescent plasma to COVID-19 patients as well as they might share in development of some lethal SARS CoV-2 variants. Importantly, we suggest that SARS CoV-2 mass vaccination campaigns were the worst ever decision made and that making these COVID-19 vaccines compulsory or administering them to children or pregnant participants might be considered as a crime against humanity to the extent that no prior companies- governmental agreements would ever secure impunity. Finally, a full informed personalized risk benefit ratio especially for some described high-risk groups must be secured while suggesting that the subunit vaccines are the least hazardous ones.

Nucleic acid based - mRNA based and adenovirus vectored - vaccines, were first ever or first commercially ever approved for the public, respectively. However, these newly emergency approved types possess a potential risk to induce auto-immune diseases e.g., thrombocytopenia, myocarditis and immune induced thrombosis and thromboembolism that might be fatal and could reason for some of the post vaccination sudden death reports. Moreover, all SARS CoV-2 types of vaccines, depending on the spike protein immunogenicity, especially the conventional inactivated ones might increase the likelihood of COVID-19 severity upon re-infection through antibody dependent enhancement which might reason for the recently described abundance of hospital admissions within seven days of vaccination and might also reason for some of the serious adverse effects encountered with administration of convalescent plasma to COVID-19 patients as well as they might share in development of some lethal SARS CoV-2 variants. Importantly, we suggest that SARS CoV-2 mass vaccination campaigns were the worst ever decision made and that making these COVID-19 vaccines compulsory or administering them to children or pregnant participants might be considered as a crime against humanity to the extent that no prior companies- governmental agreements would ever secure impunity. Finally, a full informed personalized risk benefit ratio especially for some described high-risk groups must be secured while suggesting that the subunit vaccines are the least hazardous ones.

Updated, peer reviewed and published at Canadian Journal of Medicine https://cjm.cikd.ca/article_60573.html

Updated, peer reviewed and published at Immunologic Research https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12026-021-09219-y   

Updated, peer reviewed and published at Canadian Journal of Medicinehttps://cjm.cikd.ca/article_60573.htmlUntil recently, ibuprofen has been avoided in all COVID-19 protocols world-wide. The author has been trying since March, 2020 to publish a paper that disputes this unfortunate incident and he finally managed since May 2020 to publish two manuscripts that not only prove non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs not harmful for COVID-19, rather they were shown to possess a potential to cure the disease based on a unique new theory suggested to explain COVID-19 pathogenesis and he suggested NSAIDs to be added to unique protocol he suggested using nitazoxanide/azithromycin to manage early cases of COVID-19. In this manuscript, considered the fourth related to the subject, the author represents the first clinical results of using NSAIDs/Nitazoxanide/Azithromycin protocol, used partly or fully, that includes relatively cheap FDA approved drugs used in seventeen Egyptian patients, whether confirmed or suspected, including children, adults and two pregnant ladies whom have been mostly symptoms-free in five days. The manuscripts also presents a road-map to illustrate how to deal efficiently with early cases of COVID-19 according to the author’s clinical experience.

Updated, peer reviewed and published at Canadian journal of medicinehttps://cjm.cikd.ca/article_60573.htmlIntroduction: COVID-19 management still lacks a protocol of proven efficacy and we present a novel COVID-19 immunomodulatory protocol basing on our early pioneering article that justified repurposing nitazoxanide/azithromycin combination for early COVID-19 which was followed by two articles to justify addition of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to nitazoxanide/azithromycin as well as by our recent article that illustrates the potential immunomodulatory mechanisms by which all the drugs used in this manuscript might benefit COVID-19 patients.Methods: We present a case series of 38 confirmed and highly suspected COVID-19 consented native Arabic speaking patients, including 12 confirmed by PCR, and the others diagnosed by other measures who were managed by telemedicine. The patients included 15 adult males including an immunocompromised patient, 16 adult females including one lactating, 3 pregnant patients including one confirmed by PCR as well as 4 children. All patients have received a short 5-day-regimen of NSAIDs / nitazoxanide/ azithromycin +/- cefoperazone either in full or in part. The primary endpoint of this protocol was a full relief of all serious COVID-19 clinical manifestations. Results: The primary endpoint was fully achieved within two weeks. Most of the patients who were treated early, have fully recovered during its described five days; the leucocytic/lymphocytic count was significantly improved for those with prior leucopenia or leucocytosis/lymphopenia. Neither significant adverse effects, nor post/para COVID syndrome was reported. Conclusions: a novel 5-day-protocol to safely and effectively cure COVID-19 using repurposed immunomodulatory safe and inexpensive FDA approved drugs is illustrated and we recommend performing sufficiently powered double-blind randomized clinical trials.

In the first version, I have made a mistake SARS COV-2 Vaccines have not shared in development of the original SARS CoV-2 B.1.617 variants in India (yet they might have shared in the evolution of the more virulent delta plus variant). I have updated the manuscript, thanks to Authorea, and in the updated versions Remdesivir, Favipiravir and Dexamethasone are suggested as potential crucial causes that led to B.1.617 variants in India and elsewhere. Moreover, SARS CoV-2 mass vaccination programs and the unfortunately anticipated Molnupiravir are suggested to share in evolution of potentially more virulent variants e.g. delta plus and the catastrophic Indian surge of mortality is also anticipated to be repeated elsewhere unless some prompt interventions are considered.

A document by Mina Kelleni. Click on the document to view its contents.

Fang and his colleagues have suggested to investigate the genetic predisposition for an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and they’ve proposed an explanation that might be linked to its receptor ACE2 polymorphisms1. The author agrees with their suggestion and would like to discuss it in a more elaborative manner.ACE2 polymorphisms and its induced mutations have been previously linked to enhanced susceptibility of heart diseases including coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction as have been revealed both clinically and experimentally2,3. Further, The ACE2 rs4646188 variant was suggested as a potential and optimal genetic susceptibility marker for essential hypertension, dyslipidemia and its related ischemic stroke4. Similarly, three ACE2 variants (rs4240157, rs4646155, and rs4830542) were found to be associated with essential hypertension and hypertension-related atrial fibrillation and left atrial remodeling5 Further, genetic variants in the ACE2 gene have been suggested to be associated with left ventricular mass, septal wall thickness and left ventricular hypertrophy in hemizygous men6. Noteworthy, genetic variants in the ACE2 gene were significantly associated with diastolic blood pressure responses to cold stress in the Chinese female population7. The author would like to suggest that It might be probable that ACE2 polymorphisms in the lungs could be one of the causes linked to a higher morbidity and/or mortality rate encountered in some groups of COVID-19 patients rather than the drugs suggested by Fang and his colleagues which have been refuted8. Further, these polymorphisms might also be one of the answers why some young, apparently healthy adults have been deceased while some very old patients have been rescued. The author recommends examining COVID-19 consented autopsies to explore this hypothesis as it might help us to develop some genetic tests to warn those more susceptible individuals exempt vulnerable health care professionals from duty.Conflict of interests:The author has no conflicts of interest to declare.Funding:None.References:1. Fang L, Karakiulakis G, Roth M. Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection? The Lancet Respiratory Medicine 2020;8:e21.2. Wang W, Patel VB, Parajuli N, et al. Heterozygote loss of ACE2 is sufficient to increase the susceptibility to heart disease. Journal of Molecular Medicine 2014;92:847-58.3. Yang W, Huang W, Su S, et al. Association study of ACE2 (angiotensin I-converting enzyme 2) gene polymorphisms with coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction in a Chinese Han population. Clin Sci (Lond) 2006;111:333-40.4. Pan Y, Wang T, Li Y, et al. Association of ACE2 polymorphisms with susceptibility to essential hypertension and dyslipidemia in Xinjiang, China. Lipids Health Dis 2018;17:241.5. Luo Y, Liu C, Guan T, et al. Association of ACE2 genetic polymorphisms with hypertension-related target organ damages in south Xinjiang. Hypertens Res 2019;42:681-9.6. Lieb W, Graf J, Gotz A, et al. Association of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) gene polymorphisms with parameters of left ventricular hypertrophy in men. Results of the MONICA Augsburg echocardiographic substudy. J Mol Med (Berl) 2006;84:88-96.7. Huang J, Chen S, Lu X, et al. Polymorphisms of ACE2 are associated with blood pressure response to cold pressor test: the GenSalt study. Am J Hypertens 2012;25:937-42.8. ACEIs, ARBs, Ibuprofen linked to COVID-19: The other side of the broken mirror. 2020, June 2,. at https://www.authorea.com/users/318758/articles/456017-aceis-arbs-ibuprofen-linked-to-covid-19-the-other-side-of-the-broken-mirror?commit=c85d790e9c1c2a3e698675ed1798efe534abdfa7.)