The drifting fish eggs are more likely to collide with ships, rocks etc. as they hatch while migrating through the river. For fish resources protection and waterway management, it’s important to clarify the upper threshold of hitting velocity and the effect of the hitting shock on their hatching. Thus, natural spawned and domesticated fish eggs were studied and compared. The effects of hitting objects, hitting velocity and the developmental level of the fish eggs on their hatching was also studied. The developmental stage was the most sensitive factor to hitting shock. Almost 70% of natural spawned semi-buoyant fish eggs can’t hatch successfully when the hitting velocity was 4.4 m s-1 and collided with rock, and this hatching rate was about 10%-30% higher than that of farmed ones at the same conditions. The results are of great significance for the protection of fish resources in the high-velocity rivers.

1. High latitude ecosystems are experiencing the most rapid warming on earth, expected to trigger a diverse array of ecological responses. Climate warming affects the ecophysiology of fish, and fish close to the cold end of their thermal distribution are expected to increase somatic growth from increased temperatures and a prolonged growth season, which in turn affects maturation schedules, reproduction and survival, boosting population growth. Accordingly, fish species living in ecosystems close to their northern range edge should increase in numerical importance and possibly displace cold-water adapted species. 2. We aim to document if and how population level effects of warming mediated by individual level responses to increased temperatures, shift community structure and composition in high latitude ecosystems. 3. We studied 11 cool-water adapted freshwater fish populations in communities dominated by cold-water adapted species to investigate changes in the relative importance of cool-water fish during the last 30 years of rapid warming in high latitude lakes. In addition, we studied the individual level responses to warming to clarify the potential mechanisms underlying the population effects. 4. Our long-term series‘ (1991-2020) reveal a marked increase in numerical importance of the cool-water fish species, perch, in ten out of eleven populations, and in most fish communities the cool-water species is now dominant. Moreover, we show that climate warming affects population level processes via direct and indirect temperature effects on the individuals. Specifically, the increase in abundance arises from increased survival of 0+ individuals, faster juvenile growth and ensuing earlier maturation, all boosted by climate warming. 5. The speed and magnitude of the response to warming in these high latitude fish communities strongly suggest that cold-water fish will be displaced by fish adapted to warmer water. Consequently, management should focus on climate adaptation limiting future introductions and invasions of cool-water fish and mitigating harvesting pressure on cold-water fish.

A simpler and more efficient method for preparing sophorolipids (SLs) facilitates the application of SLs. In this study, a new preparation method for SLs named SLs-WpH was designed firstly: the SLs in fermentation broth were separated by sedimentation in a separatory funnel, then dissolved in distilled water by adjusting the pH to 6-7 and centrifuged to remove the yeast brought in the sedimentation process, and the supernatant was vacuum freeze-dried. Secondly, the purity, composition, and antimicrobial activity of SLs-WpH were compared with the other two types SLs purified by ethanol and ethyl acetate (SLs-EtOH, SLs-EAC) in order to evaluate the feasibility of this preparation process. The purity of SLs-WpH was between that of SLs-EtOH and SLs-EAC and there was no difference in the composition, mainly lactonic SLs by TLC and HPLC analysis. SLs-WpH showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi and actinomyces. In addition, both the diameter of the inhibition zone (15 to 18 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus and the mycelium inhibition rate (70 to 78%) against Phytophthora infestans were not significantly different among these three types SLs; SLs-WpH had better inhibitory effect against Streptomyces scab and S. bottropensis with MICs of 32 μg mL-1 than the other two types with MICs ≥64 μg mL-1, which is the first reported that SLs had inhibitory activity against actinomyces. The results of this study indicated that the new preparation process of SLs is feasible and SLs have great application potential in the prevention of potato common scabs caused by pathogenic Streptomyces.

A document by Ryuhei Jinushi. Click on the document to view its contents.

Chinese people have indicated a high satisfaction level with China’s political system. To explore the factors influencing the high political satisfaction of Chinese citizens, we conducted a regression analysis and a moderating analysis on data from the Social Consciousness Survey completed by professor Ma Deyong. The results show that the Chinese people’s political satisfaction is high (3.49/5). Moreover, the Confucian Political Heritage ideology’s citizen-oriented dimension (β=-0.121***（-4.960),β=-0.121***(-4.960),β==-0.127***(-7.372)), National Accountability ideology’s stability maintenance dimension (β=0.061***（5.998),β=0.061 * * * (5.998),β=0.070***（9.731)), the nation-oriented dimension (β=-0.045*（-1.460),β=-.094***(-3.232),β=-0.064**(-3.047)), and high-level government trust (β=0.409***（8.298),β=0.409* * * (8.298), (β=0.410 * * * (11.832)）are the main factors predicting political satisfaction. The interaction between benevolent government and grassroots government trust (β=0.045*（2.393）) as well as between the citizen-oriented dimension and high-level government trust (β=0.183***（6.562））also significantly predict political satisfaction. Further, the analysis of different income levels shows that the Confucian Political Heritage does not predict political satisfaction among low- and middle-income citizens, but among high income citizens, the benevolent government dimension does predict political satisfaction (β=0.008*(0.450)). These findings confirm the theory of cultural change. Once citizens have gained a certain level of material abundance, they prefer post-modern liberalism and value a harmonious society, leaning toward the traditional Confucian political ideal of a society with Great Harmony. However, notable at all income levels,

Based on a sample of cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) of Chinese enterprises in different target countries between 2000 and 2021, this paper explores the impact of target corporate social responsibility overinvestment on M&A performance and the moderating effect on the above impact of Chinese government’s two forms of interventions in the process of corporates financing and operating. The results show that target corporate social responsibility overinvestment has a negative effect on M&A performance. Moreover, government interventions in corporates’ financing and operating process negatively moderate the relationship between target corporate social responsibility overinvestment and M&A performance. This research helps government to take different forms of interventions to motivate enterprises to participate in social responsibility and improve performance.

This study provides a comprehensive account of the various types of calcium oxalate crystals found in the genus Baccharis and assesses the exceptional value of crystal macropatterns for the taxonomy of the genus. The morphotype, occurrence and chemical composition of the crystals found in the stems and leaves are studied. The 44 species included in this study were selected based on a broad phylogeny-based sampling covering seven subgenera and 31 sections. These species were chosen to represent all the main phylogenetic lineages of Baccharis; thus, the sampling also represents a comprehensive coverage concerning evolutionary significance for such a large and environmentally and economically important plant group. The samples were analyzed by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Several morphotypes of crystals, including druses, crystal sand, styloids and prisms, were present. Based on their chemical composition, the crystals were classified as pure calcium oxalate, mixtures of oxalates and sulfates, and mixtures of oxalates, sulfates and silica. The crystal macropatterns observed in this study aid in the species identification and provide novel data for the taxonomy of Baccharis.

Fibrous dysplasia of the mandible typically begins during toddler years and culminates during puberty. These lesions may cause jaw disfigurement and may not be amendable to surgery. Imatinib successfully has treated cherubism associated with SH3BP2 mutations, but similar lesions can present in other conditions such as Noonan syndrome. We report diagnosis of Noonan syndrome caused by a PTPN11 activating mutation and successful treatment of the fibrous dysplasia of the mandible with imatinib.

Brassica crops include various edible vegetable and plant oil crops, and their production is limited by low temperature beyond their tolerant capability. The key regulators of low-temperature resistance in Brassica remain largely unexplored. To identify post-transcriptional regulators of plant response to low temperature, we performed small RNA profiling, and found that 16 known miRNAs were responsive to cold treatment in Brassica rapa. The cold response of seven of those miRNAs were further confirmed by qRT-PCR and/or northern blotting analyses. In parallel, a genome-wide association study of 220 accessions of Brassica napus identified four candidate MIRNA genes, all of which were cold-responsive, at the loci associated with low temperature resistance. Specifically, these large-scale data analyses revealed a link between miR1885 and the plant response to low temperature in both B. rapa and B. napus. Using 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends approach, we validated that miR1885 can cleave its putative target transcripts, Bn.TIR.A09 and Bn.TNL.A03, in B. napus. Furthermore, overexpression of miR1885 in Semi-winter type B. napus decreased the mRNA abundance of Bn.TIR.A09 and Bn.TNL.A03, resulting in increased sensitivity to low temperature. Knocking down of miR1885 in Spring type B. napus led to increased mRNA abundance of its targets and improved rapeseed tolerance to low temperature. Together, our results suggested that the loci of miR1885 and its targets could be potential candidates for the molecular breeding of low temperature-tolerant Spring type Brassica crops.

A document by warda rasool. Click on the document to view its contents.

Objective: To compare intravenous ferric carboxymaltose, intravenous ferric derisomaltose and oral ferrous sulphate for treatment of postpartum anemia. Design: Single-center, open-label, randomized trial. Setting: Tertiary perinatal center. Population: Three-hundred women with postpartum anemia (hemoglobin < 100 g/L within 48-hours postpartum) were included between September 2020 and March 2022. Methods: Women were randomly allocated to receive intravenous ferric carboxymaltose, intravenous ferric derisomaltose or oral ferrous sulphate. Intravenous iron was given in one or two doses, while ferrous sulphate as two 80 mg tablets once daily. Main outcome measures: Primary outcome was maternal fatigue measured by Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) six weeks postpartum. Hemoglobin, ferritin and transferrin saturation levels were analyzed as secondary outcomes. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for group comparison (p<0.05 significant). Results: MFI score at six weeks postpartum did not differ between groups (median 38 (inter-quartile range (IQR) 20-74) in the ferric carboxymaltose, median 34 (IQR 20-70) in the ferric derisomaltose, and median 36 (IQR 20-72) in the ferrous sulphate group; p=0.26). Participants receiving oral iron had lower levels of hemoglobin (135 (119-150) vs 134 (113-157) vs 131 (125-137) g/L; p=0.008), ferritin (273 (198-377) vs 187 (155-246) vs 24 (17-37) µg/L; p<0.001) and transferrin saturation (34 (28–38) vs 30 (23–37) vs 24 (17-37) %; p<0.001) than those receiving ferric carboxymaltose or ferric derisomaltose. Conclusions: Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose, intravenous ferric derisomaltose and oral ferrous sulphate had similar impact on maternal fatigue at six weeks postpartum despite improved hematological laboratory parameters in the intravenous iron groups.

In organic solar cells, the singlet and triplet excitons dissociate into free charge carriers with different mechanisms due to their opposite spin state. Therefore, the ratio of the singlet and triplet excitons directly affects the photocurrent. Many methods were used to optimize the performance of the low-efficiency solar cell by improving the ratio of triplet excitons, which shows a long diffusion length. Here we observed that in high-efficiency systems, the proportion of singlet excitons under linearly polarized light excitation is higher than that of circularly polarized light. Since the singlet charge transfer state has lower binding energy than the triplet state, it makes a significant contribution to the charge carrier generation and enhancement of the photocurrent. Further, the positive magnetic field effect reflects that singlet excitons dissociation plays a major role in the photocurrent, which is opposite to the case of low-efficiency devices where triplet excitons dominate the photocurrent.

ABSTRACT Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the world’s third most common type of cancer. Case studies have shown an inverse correlation between serum vitamin D levels and the incidence of human colorectal cancer. This study aims to assess vitamin D levels in patients who underwent colonoscopy for diagnostic colorectal cancer. Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study with subjects in this study were patients who came to the Digestive Surgery polyclinic and underwent a colonoscopy for diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Level of vitamin D was collected before the colonoscopy examination and categorized into three groups, vitamin D with a value of < 20 ng/mL indicate a deficiency, a level of 20 – 30 ng/mL as an insufficiency level, and a value > 30 ng/mL as a sufficient value. A colonoscopy examination was performed to obtain a diagnosis of colorectal cancer based on anatomical pathology examination. Result: Examination of vitamin D levels from 120 subjects showed the average vitamin level was 16.36 ng/mL, which indicates vitamin D deficiency levels. A total of 85 subjects (70.8%) showed vitamin D deficiency, as many as 24 (20%) showed vitamin D insufficiency levels, and only 11 study subjects (9.2%) showed sufficient vitamin D levels. The colonoscopy showed 60 subjects (50%) with colorectal cancer. The relationship between vitamin D levels and the diagnosis of CRC showed a value of p = 0.60 (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There is no significant difference between low levels of Vitamin D and the diagnosis of colorectal cancer patients.

Abstract Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the world’s third most common type of cancer. Data in Indonesia based on GLOBOCAN in 2020 shows CRC in the fourth position with around 35,000 new cases each year. The pathogenesis mechanisms of CRC are complex and heterogeneous, one of which is the involvement of NRAS (Neuroblastoma Rat Sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) mutations which play a role in cell growth regulation, as well as the expression of Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). This study aims to assess the association of subject characteristics and NRAS mutations with HER2 expression in CRC. Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study. There were 58 patients included in this study, they were colorectal cancer patients in the Digestive Surgery division at Dr. Hassan Sadikin Hospital. Examination of NRAS mutations was carried out by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) from fresh tumour tissue obtained from surgery or colonoscopy. Meanwhile, HER2 examination used the Immunohistochemistry (IHC) method of paraffin blocks for anatomical pathology examination. Result: HER2 overexpression was found in 6/58 (10.3%) patients with CRC, and from 8 subjects with NRAS mutations, only 1 subject (1.7%) showed overexpression of HER2. Univariate analysis of HER2 expression showed no significant associations to age, sex, histologic feature, tumor location, and NRAS mutations. A significant association was found between HER2 expression and stadium of the CRC with p=0.001. Conclusion: There is no association between NRAS mutations and HER2 overexpression in colorectal cancer patients.

Farmers are at high risk for developing adverse health problems due to occupational pesticide exposure. we aimed to compare the frequency of the micronuclear (MN) cellular changes, g binucleated cells (BN), karyorrhexis (KR) and karyolysis (KL) in pesticide exposed farmers and non-exposed individuals. Also, to correlate between the frequency of MN cellular changes and the other nuclear abnormalities with farmers‘ age, their use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and the duration of pesticides exposure. A total of 92 buccal smears were collected from Sudanese farmers (cases: n=50, exposed to pesticides) and non-farm workers (controls: n=42, non-exposed to pesticides). The smears were fixed with 95% ethanol and stained following the standard Feulgen technique., A structured questionnaire was designed to collect demographic data and pesticide exposure related information. 39 (78%) farmers do not use PPE. In addition, there was a significant difference (P< 0.05) in the frequency of Micronucleated cells (MN), Total Micronuclei (TMN), Binucleated cells (BN), Karyorehxsis (KH), and Karyolysis (KL) in the buccal cells of cases and control. The application of pesticide without adopting standard protective measures caused genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in farmers’ buccal cells.

Background and Purpose: β-arrestin2 plays an important role in opioid receptor signaling, but its involvement in morphine- and fentanyl-induced respiratory depression is widely debated. The aim of this study was to determine whether β-arrestin2 signaling is associated with fentanyl- and morphine-induced respiratory depression. Experimental Approach: This study investigated whether β-arrestin2 is involved in respiratory depression induced by fentanyl or morphine by inhibiting the upstream signaling molecule GRK2 and knocking out β-arrestin2 in mice, using whole-body plethysmography chambers to assess changes in respiratory function. Key Results: In the experiment of inhibiting GRK molecules, GRK inhibitors significantly improved the respiratory depression induced by morphine, but had no effect on fentanyl. In experiment of knocking out β-arrestin2, respiratory depression was significantly improved in the morphine group, but less affected in the fentanyl group. Conclusion and Implications: Our results suggested that inhibition of β-arrestin2 signaling alleviated morphine-induced respiratory depression but had little effect on fentanyl-induced respiratory depression in both models, suggesting differences in the respiratory depression mechanisms between fentanyl and morphine. This suggests that we may need to give a differentiated dosing regimen in clinical treatment of respiratory depression caused by the two drugs.

The poly lactate co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles of tubercular drugs have been demonstrated to have sustained release profile over seven days. There is no information on the location or mode of release of these nanoparticles in living system. Therefore, we have planned the study to explore the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of PLGA rifampicin nanoparticles in healthy human volunteers. Rifampicin was labeled with 99mTc by indirect method and nanoparticles were prepared by a single emulsion evaporation method. To investigate the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of nanoparticles, a single dose of 450 mg of rifampicin was administered orally to healthy human volunteers divided into two different groups. Following a single oral dosage of the rifampicin nanoformulation, the PK parameters were significantly different between the nanoparticle and conventional groups AUC (113.8 vs 58.6), MRT (16.2 vs 5.8) and Ke (0.04 vs 0.10). Also SPECT/CT images revealed bio-distrubution of nanoparticles in the distal portions of the intestine, which is consistent with our dosimetry analysis Significant difference in PK parameters and bio-distribution of nanoparticles in spleen and lymph nodes with maximum deposition were observed in large intestine. Nanoparticle distribution pattern may be advantageous for the treatment of intestinal or lymph node TB and has the potential to result in a lower dose of rifampicin nanoformulation for the treatment of pulmonary TB.

Abstract Introduction NHS staff face mental health problems due factors including burnout, workload, exposure to trauma and lack of support. Healthcare professionals often face barriers to seeking help and are less likely to seek out professional help for their own mental health. Following staff suicides, this study aimed to identify the perceived barriers to seeking support faced by staff members across an NHS Trust. Methods Semi-structured interviews with 29 participants, each lasting approximately 90 minutes. A further 10 informal conversations were had with staff not wanting to be formally interviewed. Results Framework analysis was used to analyse the data, resulting in four themes being identified around perceived barriers to seeking support: stigma organisational culture privacy access to support Discussion Findings indicated that staff perceived significant barriers, including mental illness-related stigma, workplace trauma, organisational culture, confidentiality concerns and access to support. Many staff members who needed to help did not reach out for support within the workplace, despite knowing they needed it. Conclusion There are perceived barriers to seeking help affect both the individual and the culture of the organisation. Larger studies are needed to assess the perceived barriers experienced by staff nationwide, with the aim of tackling these to improve staff wellbeing.

Monitoring the condition of complex systems with implemented sensors in an online manner is of great importance to their safety and availability. Broad learning system (BLS), which expands the single-hidden-layer neural network by enriching the number of hidden-layer nodes, can greatly improve the model training efficiency. But, the randomly generated hidden-layer nodes make BLSs performing poorly in some high-dimensional data classification tasks. This paper focuses on providing some ideas to tackle this problem by optimizing the generation of initial nodes to compact the BLS hidden-layer structure. Specifically, logistic regression (LR) and structural causal model (SCM) are considered to obtain rough predictions of system fault state to replace the randomly generated hidden-layer nodes with no practical significance. Thus, the outputs of the initial node groups are more closely related to the system health status. The proposed methods are expected to improve the feature extraction effectiveness, to simplify the network structure, and to reduce the computational burden. Various simulation datasets are considered to prove the universality of the proposed method in complex system fault diagnosis. And, with real data from a high-speed train brake control system, the effectiveness of the proposed online monitoring framework is further verified. It is also shown that the proposed methods are convenient to migrate to new operation environments.

We study the ground state solutions for the following p\&q-Laplacain equation \[ \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\Delta_pu-\Delta_qu+V(x) (|u|^{p-2}u+|u|^{q-2}u)=\lambda K(x)f(u)+|u|^{q^*-2}u,~x\in\R^N, \\ u\in W^{1,p}(\R^N)\cap W^{1,q}(\R^N), \end{array} \right. \] where $\lambda>0$ is a parameter large enough, $\Delta_ru = \text{div}(|\nabla u|^{r-2}\nabla u)$ with $r\in\{p,q\}$ denotes the $r$ Laplacian operator, $1

From the author’s recent studies, it was found that, in low/medium/high cycle fatigue(LHCF) regime, the Wöhler Curve Method is well suitably employed to perform the fatigue life assessment of metals, in which the stress-based intensity parameter calculation is based on the linear-elastic analysis. In this study, an attempt is made through many fatigue test data of notch components of metals from the literature to illustrate that, in LHCF regime, the Notch S-N Curve Method is well suitable for fatigue life analysis of notch components of metals, in which the stress-based intensity parameter calculation is based on the linear-elastic analysis. By concepts of the critical stress and the critical distance by Taylor and by two calibration fatigue failure curves of a smooth specimen and notch specimen by Susmel and Taylor, further, a local approach for predicting the notch S-N curve is proposed based the linear elastic stress fields ahead of notches. Accuracy of the Notch S-N Curve Method is proven by many fatigue test data of notch components of metals from the literature in LHCF regime.

A method for accurately estimating the electron correlation energy as a 1 st order correction to the Hartree-Fock energy is presented. It succeeds by disallowing the representation of the electron repulsion operator to be more fine-grained than the corresponding representation of the two-particle density. To extract the electron correlation contribution to the molecular internal energy from the exact wavefunction, the short-range contribution to the electron repulsion operator is replaced by a corresponding correlation kinetic energy penalty. Utilizing the virial theorem, this self-interaction-free exact-exchange method becomes applicable on condition of stability of the Self-Consistent Field wave function. Laplace as well as Fourier transforms are resorted to as consistency checks. Atomic and small molecular ions are considered for validation. The latter require modelling of the screened Coulomb hole associated with 1s electrons owing to coupled short-range electron-nucleus and electron-electron interactions. For this purpose, Hooke's atom is analyzed (0.03 ≤ í µí¼” ≤ 1000) and consistency is demonstrated for 1s ! Helium-like ions (Z=1-36). While impacting core-valence interactions, the said screening is absent in the valence as confirmed by the Be-like ions (Z=3-36) 1í µí± ! 2í µí± ! systems, for LiH, BeH + , Li2 and for LiBe +. A chemistry associated exclusively with K-shell orbitals is briefly discussed based mainly on results for HeH + and H3 +. Fractional charges scaling the Coulomb hole is inferred to better represent the complex correlation hole in hydrogen clusters and high-pressure metallic hydrogen.

The Asian palm civet ( Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) is a wild mammal which is living in nature in Indonesia forest. Recently due to the highest demand of civet coffee, push the changes of the living environment of the Asian palm civet as the pet or captive breed. Changes in the environment from the wild to human intervention cause shift in their behaviour and feeding patterns. This is thought possibly to affect it’s anatomical structure and histology digestive organ and mainly the lingual papillae as an entrance of the food. This study aims to analyse the anatomical structure of the lingual papillae and the secretions of the lingual glands in Paradoxurus hermaphroditus due to the changes of the food behaviour by gross macroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM) in the form of histochemical staining (hematoxyline eosin, Alcian Blue-Periodic Acid Schiff, and Masson’s Trichrome). The SEM results revealed that several type lingual papillae are found on the tongue of the Paradoxurus hermaphroditus they are: fungiform, arrowhead filiform, giant arrowhead filiform, scale-like filiform, conical, and circumvallate papillae. The histological results showed that on the radix of tongue of the civet are found Weber’s glands which produce the secretion of neutral and acid mucin. Collagen fibers were found scattered in all of the lamina propria and some of the tunica muscularis with higher collagen intensity at the apex. In conclusion, these results provide the new insight of the adaptation form of the lingual papillae of the Asian palm civet due to their changes of feeding behaviour based on the type, number, distribution of the papillae, as well as the type of lingual gland secret and the presence of the collagen fibre.

Isolated TAPVC is difficult to diagnose on a prenatal ultrasound as standard obstetric screening views are often normal. We present a case of isolated infra-cardiac TAPVC highlighting the utility of STIC imaging in the diagnosis ofTAPVC