Title : Synovial Sarcoma of the Maxilla: A Challenging Diagnostic Case Report and Literature ReviewAbstract : Synovial sarcoma, a malignant mesenchymal tumor, is primarily associated with the extremities. Nevertheless, its appearance within the head and neck region, particularly in the maxillary area, is remarkably rare. This rarity underscores the significance of each case in unraveling the complexities of its behavior and management strategies. The core focus of this research is a detailed case report involving a 6-year-old female patient who presented with a conspicuous swelling in the left posterior maxilla. Subsequent incisional biopsy led to microscopic identification of malignant spindle cell proliferation, marked by dysplastic changes and abundant mitoses. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated negative reactivity for neural and muscular markers, while positive expression of Vimentin, Bcl-2, and TLE1. These morphological and immunohistochemical findings coalesced to definitively diagnose synovial sarcoma, substantiated by a notable 40% Ki67 proliferative index. The chosen treatment strategy encompassed surgery and radiotherapy, which yielded successful outcomes, with no recurrence observed during the one-year follow-up period. Beyond the specific case, this article undertakes a review of existing literature, meticulously analyzing nine similar cases reported in scholarly sources.Keywords : Case report, Head and neck, Maxilla, Synovial sarcoma

ALSTROM HALLGREN SYNDROME WITH CLASSICAL FINDINGS: A RARE CASE REPORT OF MONOGENIC CILIOPATHY CO-OCCURRENCE IN TWINS.Clinical Message: With the prevalence of 1 in million cases Alstorm Hallgren syndrome is one of the rare genetic disorder with poor prognosis. In our case we present classical findings in twins who were diagnosed as Alstrom syndrome concurrently and further diseases progressed simultaneously .Keywords: Alstrom Hallgren syndrome, monogenic ciliopathy, twinsCorresponding Author :1Sagun ghimire,KIST medical college and Teaching Hospital, Gwarko, Lalitpur, NepalSagunghimire01@gmail.comCo-authors:2Suman simkhada, KIST medical college and teaching hospital,gwarko, lalitpur, Nepalsimkhadasuman@gmail.com3Samir Thapa, KIST medical college and teaching hospital, gwarko,lalitpur, NepalThapasamir32@gmail.com4Kiran Ghising, KIST medical college and teaching hospital, gwarko,lalitpur, NepalKiran.ghising98@gmail.com1 . INTRODUCTION:Alström syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder,thought to have a prevalence of less than one per million in the general population. It is characterized by the progressive development of multi-organpathology [1]. It is caused by recessive mutations in ALMS1 (Chr 2q13). Although its function is not completely understood, evidence to date suggests that ALMS1 plays roles in ciliary function, cell cycle regulation, endosomal trafficking, cell migration, and extracellular matrix production [2]. Diagnosis of Alström Syndrome can be difficult because some features begin at birth and others emerge as the child develops. There is considerable variation both within and among families. The major phenotypes usually observed in children with Alström Syndrome include cone–rod retinal dystrophy beginning in infancy and leading to eventual juvenile blindness, sensorineural hearing impairment, insulin resistance, and obesity. In some cases, infants present with congestive heart failure (CHF) due to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). As patients reach adolescence, more of the major phenotypes develop, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertriglyceridemia, and adolescent-onset DCM. Short stature, scoliosis, alopecia, and male hypogonadism and hyperandrogenism in female patients may be present when patients reach adulthood. Pulmonary, hepatic, and renal phenotypes are progressive. Fibrosis in multiple organs has been described [3]. Currently there are no specific treatments for Alström syndrome that can cure the disease, prevent the complications, or reverse the complications. A multidisciplinary approach is currently preferred to detect, predict, and treat the complications of Alström syndrome[4]. The article is presented in accordance with CARE guidelines for case reports[5]. Here, we present a case of twin siblings with signs and symptoms consistent with AS and associated with two AMLS1 variants.2. CASE SUMMARYPatients Demography :In this report we describe monochorionic, diamniotic twin boys who were born pre term at 36 weeks to a healthy 28 year old mother and healthy 32 year old father, with natal history of low birth weight of in one twin and in another twin with APGAR score of 6\10 and 7\10 and post natal history of raised total serum bilirubin for which both twins were kept under phototherapy. There is no history of delay in attainment of age related milestones . Parents are of Asian heritage who deny consanguinity, both alive and well as well as two twins siblings currently aged 16 years . The family structure is outlined in( Figure 1). Family history was not significant for any genetic disease on the paternal and maternal side.Clinical Evaluation :On physical examination, there was evidence of central obesity in both twins with the body mass index ( in both) being 34.9 kg/m2. Their blood pressure was within normal percentile with a regular pulse of 80 beats per minute. Behaviorally, they do not demonstrates several features concerning for autism spectrum disorder, including poor eye contact, lack of a social smile, and disinterest in social interaction. Their weight since birth has been seen to in increasing trend, and height within mid parental range. There was no evidence of poly- or syndactyly or any other features suggestive of Bardet-Biedl syndrome. Features of hirsutism was also absent on the face, abdomen, and arms. There was significant history of decreased vision in both eyes since neonatal period .Both the twins presented at four years of age with visual symptoms suggestive of photosensitivity. There was features suggestive of rotatory nystagmus . Amsler grid and color vision tests were normal. Visual field revealed concentric contraction in both eyes. The fundoscopy showed pale optic discs, atrophic maculopathy, golden appearance of peripheral and midperipheral fundus, coarser pigmentary changes with a ”bone-spicule” configuration and arteriolar narrowing. The red free pictures demonstrated the atrophy of internal retinal layers and the infrared pictures revealed the atrophy of the external layers of the retina in posterior pole of the fundus. The flash ERG showed reduced amplitude of photopic and scotopic b-wave. The multifocal ERG demonstrated the normal function of the central retina. revealed decreased Arden ratio in both eyes. The pattern VEP revealed the P100 amplitude reduction by 80% and elongation of latency by 120% in the right eye and normal in the left eye. Subsequent ophthalmologic exam showed visual acuity of counting finger from 2 and half meter binocularly only due to high hyperopia with amblyopia. The findings were consistent with cone-rod dystrophy through electroretinography (ERG). Subsequently there was progressive visual loss and legal blindness was declared to both of the twins at the age of 11 years. The cardiovascular examination was unremarkable with no any significant Echocardiography and electrocardiography findings . There was not any features suggestive of congestive heart failure, myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiac catheterization and Endomyocardial biopsy were not done . A comprehensive systemic panel did not identify any disease causing mutations and screening for evidence of metabolic and mitochondrial diseases was negative. The patient also showed features such as weight loss, polyuria, polydipsia, predilection to sweet foods.

INTRODUCTION Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disorder leading to the destruction of insulin producing pancreatic beta cells, resulting in elevated blood sugar levels 1. Polyuria, polydipsia and weight loss are the key presenting symptoms 2. A systematic review and meta-analysis reported the global T1DM prevalence of 9.5%, with an incidence of 15 per 100,000 people3. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a grievous complication of diabetes mellitus caused by insufficient insulin, resulting in elevated blood glucose, ketonemia and acidosis. The overall DKA prevalence across 13 countries over 13 years was 29.9%, with a 3.5% prevalence in Nepal. 4,5.The most common risk factors leading to DKA include missed insulin doses and infections, while other factors like stress-inducing events or the initial onset of diabetes can also trigger DKA. The clinical manifestations of DKA encompass a range of symptoms, including nausea, severe vomiting, dehydration, polyuria, polydipsia, abdominal pain or discomfort, presence of acetone breath odor, Kussmaul breathing, overall profound fatigue with altered consciousness, disorientation, confusion or occasionally coma when the condition is severe 6. Typical diagnosing criteria for DKA include blood glucose greater than 250 mg/dl, arterial pH less than 7.3, serum bicarbonate less than 15 mEq/l, and the presence of ketonemia or ketonuria 7.Immediate intervention is crucial that includes restoring the circulatory volume, correcting electrolyte abnormalities, insulin therapy and addressing the underlying cause 8. Failure to promptly treat DKA can result in the breakdown of compensatory mechanisms and cause electrolyte abnormalities like hyponatremia, hyperkalemia and ultimately lead to life threatening complications including cerebral edema, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and sepsis.  Nursing management for a patient with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) involves a comprehensive approach that involves monitoring vital signs, blood sugar levels, and electrolytes, administering fluids, assessing renal function and mental status, monitoring intake output, checking for signs of infection, assessing lung sound; educating the patient on insulin injection techniques, medication compliance, promoting lifestyle changes like smoking cessation and diabetic diet9.In DKA, dilutional hyponatremia is common due to rising glucose level that creates osmolar gradient causing water to shift from cells into the intravascular space. However, on rare occasion, hypernatremia is found that happens when there’s a deficit of water intake and excessive loss of free water, which outweighs electrolyte loss through various factors10. This report emphasizes the significance of a fluid management strategy for DKA patients, even when encountering the unusual occurrence of hypernatremia.

CASE REPORTMucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma: A rare kidney tumourAmina Bani (1), Salwa Nechi (1), Sataa Sallemi (2), Hamza Ichaoui (2), Mohamed Ali Bedoui (2), Amel Douggaz (1), Abir Chaabène (1), Mohamed Karim Mfarrej (1), Emna Chelbi (1).(1) Mohamed Taher Maamouri University Hospital, Pathology Department, Nabeul, Tunisia.(2) Mohamed Taher Maamouri University Hospital, Urology Department, Nabeul, Tunisia.

Purpose: Bleomycin is a chemotherapeutic agent that causes lung toxicity. Bleomycin is mostly used in the treatment of germ cell tumors(GCT) and Hodgkin Lymphoma(HL) in childhood cancers. In this study, we aimed to detect bleomycin toxicity to the lung in the early period. Materials and methods: Pulmonary functions of patients aged 5 years and older who were admitted to the Division of Pediatric Oncology with germ cell tumors and Hodgkin Lymphoma between 2012 and 2022, who received bleomycin treatment and were in remission for at least 6 months were evaluated. The evaluation of respiratory function was based on history, physical examination, posteroanterior chest radiography and pulmonary function test. Results: There were 109 patients with GCT and 122 patients with HL. The number of patients with GCT who entered follow-up and lived were 59, those with HL were 89]. The number of patients who received bleomycin treatment, were in remission for at least 6 months and underwent PFTs were 46 for HL and 12 for GCT. There were 21 patients with PFT abnormalities. Of these patients, 3 were diagnosed with GCT and 18 were diagnosed with HL. The type of PFT abnormality in the majority of patients was restrictive disorder. Conclusion: The absence of respiratory symptoms in 90% of patients with PFT abnormalities shows the importance of PFT in asymptomatic patients. Patients who have received bleomycin as part of treatment should also be followed-up for late pulmonary toxicity.

The Moore-Gibson-Thompson equation with a viscoelastic memory and a forcing is considered. The existence and uniqueness of a local solution is obtained via the Faedo-Galerkin's method. Furthermore, blowing-up solutions with or without a positive initial energy exist due to the nonlinear forcing.

Introduction: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) represents the most prevalent childhood malignancy. Despite high cure rates, several questions regarding predisposition, response to treatment, and prognosis of the disease remain. The role of intermediary metabolism in the individualized mechanistic pathways of the disease is unclear. We have hypothesized that children with any (sub)type of ALL present a distinct metabolomic fingerprint at diagnosis when compared: i) to a control group; ii) to children with a different (sub)type of ALL; iii) to the end of the induction treatment. Methods: This prospective case-control study (NCT03035344) analyzed plasma and urinary metabolites in 34 children with ALL before the beginning (D0) and at the end of the induction treatment (D33). Their metabolic fingerprint was defined by targeted analysis of 106 metabolites and compared to that of an equal number of matched controls. Multivariate and univariate statistical analysis was conducted by SIMCAP and scripts under R programming language. Results: Metabolome analysis showed distinct changes in patients with ALL compared to controls on both D0 and D33. The metabolomic fingerprint within the group of patients differed significantly between common B and pre-B ALL, and between D0 and D33, reflecting the effect of treatment. We have further identified the main components of this metabolic dysregulation that indicate shifts in fatty acid synthesis, transfer and oxidation, in amino acid and glycerophospholipids metabolism and in glutaminolysis/TCA cycle. Conclusions: The notable type and disease time point specific metabolic alterations observed in pediatric ALL may offer the potential for the discovery of new prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a frequent and debilitating side effect seen in children undergoing chemotherapy. Objective: To synthesize the evidence on physiotherapy for CIPN symptoms and deficits in children with cancer. Methods: A systematic review was conducted with the following PICOS approach: children with cancer, physiotherapy, control group or standard care, and randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials comprising range of motion, muscle strength, motor function, balance, gait, functional mobility, foot posture, pain, and adverse events outcomes. Searches were conducted in five electronic databases, reference lists, grey literature, and clinical trial websites in May 2023. Results: Nine full-text studies met the inclusion criteria. Although benefits were seen for some outcomes related to physical function, evidence is not at a stage to provide recommendations for clinical practice. Conclusion: Research is needed that includes CIPN-specific outcome measures to better inform the incidence, natural progression, and the benefits of physiotherapy interventions.

Changes in water and nitrogen availability can affect the structure and function of arid ecosystems. How these resources affect aboveground primary productivity (ANPP) remains far from clear. We examined the N and water limitation of ANPP from the species to the community level and the response of ANPP to annual precipitation in a Patagonian steppe. We conducted a 7-year field experiment with water addition (+W), nitrogen addition (+N), and +NW. Destructive methods for grasses and allometric relationships for shrubs were used to assess ANPP and vegetation indices (NDVI and MSAVI2) to estimate community ANPP. An increase in ANPP of one grass species ( Papposstipa humilis) and a decrease of the grass Poa ligularis under +N were observed. Some shrubs species exhibited mortality under nitrogen addition. Nitrogen exerted a positive effect on grass ANPP and amplified the sensitivity of grass ANPP to annual precipitation. However, +N had not effects on the shrub ANPP and shrub ANPP-precipitation relationship. Water addition by itself had no effect on ANPP for either shrubs or grasses. However, shrubs responded positively to an unusually wet year regardless of treatment and were also more sensitive to changes in annual precipitation than grasses. Total ANPP increased significantly in +N relative to the C and +W, but without changes in the sensitivity to annual precipitation. The results suggest that the responses of grasses and shrubs to water inputs is driven by soil moisture redistribution and rooting depth and that grass and community ANPP is more limited by N than by water.

Abstract As part of this study, a unique method for automatic real-time analysis of sentiment in product reviews for online shopping applications is provided. The main goal is to create a model that has a high level of accuracy and is able to categorize product reviews with either a positive, negative, or neutral sentiment. To achieve this goal, a combination of natural language processing (NLP) strategies and machine learning algorithms is employed. The first step in the process, known as pre-processing, cleans up the text data by removing any noise and then applies tokenization and stemming techniques to it so that significant features can be extracted. A variety of machine learning models, such as B. Support Vector Machines (SVM), Naive Bayes and Random Forest, are trained and evaluated using an extensive data set of labeled customer reviews of various products. The development of a web application was chosen as the implementation method for the system in order to enable easy integration with the online trading platform. This solution ensures that processing occurs in real-time, allowing for effective analysis and quick response to users. Users can better understand product reviews and make more informed purchasing decisions when sentiment analysis is integrated into the online shopping experience. The proposed approach is a major advance in the development of sentiment analysis for online trading related applications. His ability to conduct real-time sentiment analysis allows him to uncover key insights into customers’ thoughts and preferences. The method provides a viable way for companies to assess consumer satisfaction and sentiment trends by properly classifying product reviews. As a result, companies can ultimately improve the quality of the products and services they provide. Keyword: Online shopping applications, Sentiment analysis, Product reviews, Natural language processing (NLP), support vector machines (SVM), Naive Bayes, Random forest.

The development of the Internet of Things (IoT), which enables communication between people, things, data, and virtual platforms in the environment, is a result of the exponential rise of information technology (IT). Recently, numerous decision support systems in the medical industry have been offered via IoT and cloud-based e-health services. Owing to the developments in IoT-enabled medical gadgets and sensing devices. Chronic diseases are often considered as a major source of concern and a threat to public health on a global scale. The kidneys are one of the body’s most complicated organs and perform several tasks. The elimination of waste materials by the kidneys during the formation of urine helps to cleanse the blood. When the kidneys begin to lose function, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) occurs. The accurate diagnosis of CKD is an important and crucial step in medical informatics. An earlier diagnosis can save more human lives. But, it is complicated task due to similar symptoms, inaccurate data and information, lack of knowledge, etc. It is also seen that the presence of missing values and outliers can also complicate the prediction task and, in turn, produce less accurate results. The primary objective of this research work is to develop an IoT framework for collecting the real time CKD dataset and also to handle the two well-known issues of medical data, i.e. outlier detection and CKD prediction. This work proposes the Chicken Swarm Optimization (CSO) algorithm to enhance the raw data and diagnose CKD diseases using k-NN.

This study introduces a control strategy to enhance the efficiency of Capacitive Power Transfer (CPT) systems, even when the load varies. Compared to Inductive Power Transfer Systems (IPT), CPT systems are known for being flexible and safe. However, their efficiency is significantly affected by load variations. Therefore, to address this problem, we propose using a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) to adjust the operating frequency of the MOSFET based on Output Current and Output Voltage inputs of the CPT circuit. To be specific, a relationship between load changes and output variations is first established and the If-Then rules is then proposed for the FLC. Through simulations of the Class E CPT system, both with and without the FLC, we demonstrate that the FLC-equipped CPT system maintains 92% efficiency despite a +15% load variation. In contrast, the CPT system without FLC achieves only 48% efficiency under the same conditions. This underscores the FLC’s effectiveness in enhancing CPT system efficiency amidst varying loads.

This paper is concerned with parameter estimate and adaptive control problems of deterministic autoregressive moving average (DARMA) systems on the basis of quantized data of system output signals which are generated by a kind of uniform quantizer. By designing system input signals, the extended least-squares (ELS) algorithm with uniform output observations is proved to yield bounded estimation errors under some mild assumptions. Moreover, the adaptive tracking controller under inaccuracy observations are also designed. To analyse the properties of tracking error, I use the expanded form of ELS and research the properties of quantization noise. In addition, I give the expression of tracking error and show how it depends on the size of quantization step when the quantization step satisfies some conditions. A numerical example is supplied to demonstrate the theoretical results.

RATIONALE: Glycol-based antifreeze liquids, commonly composed of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, have important uses in automotive cooling, but they should be handled with care due to their toxicity, ethylene glycol is highly toxic to humans and animals. A fast, accurate, precise and robust method was developed for simultaneous quantification of 7 most important glycols and their isomers. METHODS: Glycols were analyzed from diluted sample solution of coolants using gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry in single ion monitoring mode. RESULTS: The method was developed and validated for 7 individual glycols (ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and tripropylene glycol). Limits of detection (1-2 µg/mL) and limit of quantification (10 µg/mL) obtained were appropriate. The present method was applied for determination of glycols in 10 different anti-freeze liquids commercially available on Romanian market, proving to be reliable. CONCLUSIONS: A method that requires only a two-step dilution of anti-freeze samples combined with direct liquid injection GC-MS was validated for the simultaneous quantification of 7 glycols (and their isomers) in 10 different types of anti-freeze liquids. The results obtained in the validation procedure proved that the GC-MS method is sensitive and precise for quantification of glycols.

Ventilator associated respiratory tract infections (VARTI) are among the most common indications for hospitalization among children with chronic respiratory failure requiring at-home ventilation. This review aims to provide an overview of the key clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies for home VARTIs while highlighting the challenges in diagnosis and management.

The Francois’ langur (Trachypithecus francoisi) is a rare and endangered and the indicated primate species distributed in karst area in northern Vietnam and southwestern China. However, holistic conservation management has been hampered by research limited to specific nature reserves or sites. Building a comprehensive map of potential distribution for the Francois’ langur is essential to advance conservation efforts and ensure coordinated management across regions. Here, we used 82 occurrence records of Francois’ langur surveyed in Guangxi, Guizhou, and Chongqing from 2017 to 2020, along with 12 environmental variables to build the potential habitat model under current and future climate (for the periods 2021-2040, 2041-2060, 2061-2080, 2081-2100) using maximum entropy models (MaxEnt). Our results indicated that 1) precipitation- and temperature-associated bioclimatic variables made the greatest contributions to the distribution of Francois’ langur, vegetation, water source and anthropogenic variables were also important factors affecting the distribution of Francois’ langur; 2) 144207.44 km2 potential Francois’ langur suitable habitat across the entire range in China was estimated by the current model, moderate- and high-suitability habitat accounted for only 23.76% (34265.96 km2) of the predicted suitable habitat and mainly distributed in southwest Guangxi, east of Chongqing and the border between Guizhou and Chongqing; 3) the suitable habitats of Francois’ langur will dramatically contract under future climate change and the habitat centroid will move in the southeast direction with the shifting distance about 2.84km/year from current to 2100. The habitat prediction of Francois’ langur and related drivers proposed in this work will provide essential insights for future conservation of this species, which is, not only existing distribution areas should be monitored and protected, but also conservation beyond existing habitats should be a focus of effort, especially future expansion areas, to ensure effective and timely protection under climate change and anthropogenic pressures.

This study presents a framework for detecting and mitigating fake and potentially attacking user communities within 5G social networks. This framework utilizes geo-location information, community trust within the network, and AI community detection algorithms to identify users that can cause harm. The framework incorporates an artificial control model to select appropriate community detection algorithms and employs a trust-based strategy to identify and filter out potential attackers. It adapts its approach by utilizing user and attack requirement data through the artificial conscience control model while considering the dynamics of community trust within the network. What sets this framework apart from other fake user detection mechanisms is its capacity to consider attributes challenging for malicious users to mimic. These attributes include the trust established within the community over time, the geographical location, and the framework's adaptability to different attack scenarios. To validate its efficacy, we apply the framework to synthetic social network data, demonstrating its ability to distinguish potential malicious users from trustworthy ones.

The aim of this study was to characterize the genetic diversity and drug resistance profiles of people with HIV-1 failing ART in Cape Verde (CV). This cross- sectional study was conducted between January 2019 and December 2021 in 24 health centres on the islands of Santiago and São Vicente. The HIV-1 pol gene was sequenced in individuals with a detectable viral load (VL). Phylogenetic analysis was used to determine HIV-1 genetic diversity. Drug resistance mutation patterns and resistance phenotypes were estimated using the Stanford algorithm. VL was detected in 73 of 252 (29%) enrolled participants and sequencing data were produced for 58 (79%) participants. CRF02_AG strains predominated (46.5%), followed by subtype G (22.4%). Most patients (80%) had mutations conferring resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) (67%), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (55%), integrase inhibitors (10%) and/or protease inhibitors (7%) used in CV, a significant increase compared to a study conducted in 2010-2011. The most common mutations were M184V/I (43%), K103N/S (36%) and G190A/S (19%). NNRTI resistance was associated with younger age and exposure to two or more drug regimens. These results provide valuable information to guide appropriate treatment for people failing antiretroviral therapy in CV.

By employing the asymmetric end-group engineering, an asymmetric nonfused-ring electron acceptors (NFREAs) was designed and synthesized. Compared with the symmetric analogs (NoCA-17 and NoCA-18), NoCA-19 possesses broader light absorption range, more coplanar π-conjugated backbone, and appropriate crystallinity according to the experimental and theoretical results. The organic solar cells based on J52:NoCA-19 exhibited a power conversion efficiency as high as 12.26%, which is much higher than those of J52:NoCA-17 (9.50%) and J52:NoCA-18 (11.77%), mainly due to more efficient exciton dissociation, better and balanced charge mobility, suppressed recombination loss, shorter charge extraction time, longer charge carrier lifetimes, and more favorable blend film morphology. These findings demonstrate the great potential of asymmetric end-group engineering in exploring low-cost and high-performance NFREAs.

The primary aim of this investigation is to develop an analytical technique that can accurately estimate the fracture energy at the crack front while accounting for the localized interface properties. To achieve this goal, the study employs Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) specimens made of Aluminium alloys that have been chemically treated, as well as Titanium alloys that have been Laser texturized. Additionally, longitudinal defects are introduced within the bond line, specifically at the interface between the adhesive and adherents, with a parallel orientation to the crack direction. Initially, the investigation involved the characterization of bare surfaces, independent of their adhesive strength. Subsequently, Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) tests were conducted on specimens that had defects of various widths in the bonded region. The results obtained from these experiments confirmed the accuracy of the analytical estimations. It has been explained too that adhesive stiffness has a major role while mixing local fracture energies at crack front. Additionally, using a damage model, the deformation of the crack front was numerically observed and verified by capturing crack front shape while DCB testing. An interpretation was provided to explain the findings.

Background Mixed pulmonary disease with pulmonary regurgitation (PR) and stenosis (PS) in repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) can negatively impact ventricular health. Myocardial strain has been shown to be more sensitive at detecting occult ventricular dysfunction compared to right ventricular ejection fraction (RV EF). We hypothesize that rTOF patients with predominant PS will have lower RV global longitudinal strain (RVGLS) prior to and post-transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR). Methods A retrospective cohort of rTOF patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and cardiac catheterization for right ventricular pressure (RVSP) measurement were analyzed at three time points: before valve implantation, at discharge and within 18 months post-TPVR. Patients were dichotomized into three groups based on RVSP: 0-49%, 50-74%, and >75%. RVGLS and left ventricular (LV) GLS by speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) were obtained from the apical 4-chamber using TomTec software (TOMTEC IS, Germany). Results Forty-eight patients were included. RV EF was not associated with a significant change in RV or LV GLS (p=0.7). RV GLS showed the greatest improvement immediately after valve implantation. Higher pre-implantation RVSP was found to correlate with worse strain (p=0.001). Overall, average RV strain magnitude was higher when pre-implantation RVSP was less than 50% and had greater improvement over the three time points. Higher post-implantation RVSP correlated with lower strain magnitude. Conclusion Patients with significant PS (>50%) may benefit from earlier PVR and not depend solely on RV size and EF. Myocardial strain may be a more sensitive marker of function; however, larger, prospective studies are needed.

Electromagnetic vortex waves have received widespread attention in many fields due to their unique physical characteristics, the phase distribution of spiral wavefronts and information modulation.The information dimension provided by vortex electromagnetic waves brings possibilities for future breakthroughs in radar detection and imaging.This article reports the development of a multi-modal electromagnetic vortex radar equipment and the first multi-modal vehicle imaging experimental verification.The key to the experiment is to simultaneously generate electromagnetic vortex wave signals of different modes and perform fusion processing.It have shown that the energy of the main lobe signal of the image target is enhanced by utilizing multimodal vortex radar information fusion, which can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the target imaging.

The mental health standard formulated by the World Health Organization has the insufficiency of single ideal; Based on the factual logic of human life activities, we put forward the theory of five dimensions of personality, including ideal dimension, self-return dimension, practical dimension, prohibitive dimension and in-itself dimension. In the actual mental health education activities, the theory of five dimensions of personality can provide us with more operable developmental goals and corrective techniques.

The study encompasses the visualization and analysis of dynamic water behavior, pressure drop, and saturation interaction under various boundary condition cases. Additionally, the characteristics of the flow in and out of the two-dimensional (2D) channel and the microinjection of water droplets are investigated. The simulation via VOF method includes the modeling of liquid water dynamics with different wall angles in the 2D channel, considering varying air and water inlet velocities. Key parameters such as water volume fraction and pressure drop are thoroughly analyzed. The simulation results demonstrate substantial agreement with the integral characteristics of the process, including dynamics trend, induction time of droplet breakup (saturation phase), and pressure drop. This comprehensive analysis enhances our understanding of water droplet dynamics in microchannels and contributes to the optimization of microfluidic devices for a spectrum of applications, from drug delivery to chemical reactions.