Introduction:Malaria infects humans through the bite of the Anopheles mosquito that transmits the Plasmodium parasite. There are five species of plasmodium: falciparum, vivax, ovale , Malariae and Knowlesi[1]. Some Authors have suggested that Malarial splenic complications are associated with plasmodium vivax infection[2] Malaria infection alone has the greatest impact on global health, affecting more than 500 million individuals with more than 2.5 million deaths every year. It can manifest as an acute febrile illness, but it can lead to severe complications such as shock, respiratory distress, severe anemia, convulsions, intra-abdominal organ inflammation, and bleeding caused by spontaneous splenic rupture [3] According to the WHO, malaria is endemic in Sudan, and over 1.8 million cases have been reported in 2019, representing 12.4% of all diseases surveyed by the health sector with a mortality rate of 13 per 10,000. [4]. Malarial infection incidence in Sudan was estimated to be 9 million cases per year in 2007 with 44,000 deaths related to malaria complications[5]. The spleen plays an important role in immunity against malaria by producing antibodies against malaria parasites, this can lead to splenic enlargement making it more susceptible to complications such as hematoma formation and rupture [6].