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Bootstrap aggregation and cross-validation methods to reduce overfitting in reservoir policy search
  • Zachary Paul Brodeur,
  • Scott Steinschneider,
  • Jonathan D Herman
Zachary Paul Brodeur
Cornell University

Corresponding Author:[email protected]

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Scott Steinschneider
Cornell University
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Jonathan D Herman
University of California, Davis
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Abstract

Policy search methods provide a heuristic mapping between observations and decisions and have been widely used in reservoir control studies. However, recent studies have observed a tendency for policy search methods to overfit to the hydrologic data used in training, particularly the sequence of flood and drought events. This technical note develops an extension of bootstrap aggregation (bagging) and cross-validation techniques, inspired by the machine learning literature, to improve control policy performance on out-of-sample hydrology. We explore these methods using a case study of Folsom Reservoir, California using control policies structured as binary trees and daily streamflow resampling based on the paleo-inflow record. Results show that calibration-validation strategies for policy selection and certain ensemble aggregation methods can improve out-of-sample tradeoffs between water supply and flood risk objectives over baseline performance given fixed computational costs. These results highlight the potential to improve policy search methodologies by leveraging well-established model training strategies from machine learning.