Tropical cyclones bring health risks and can trigger outbreaks of
diarrheal diseases in affected populations. There are several reviews
that mention the relationship between tropical cyclones and diarrheal
diseases. However, there is no dedicated review of the current evidence
and extent of research on the association between tropical cyclones and
diarrheal diseases. We performed a scoping review to thoroughly examine
the available literature. We also thematically analyzed the transmission
pathways explained in the literature. A total of 96 studies were
included. Twenty-three studies quantitatively measured the tropical
cyclone--diarrhea associations, with half reporting positive
associations. We found that the studies defined and measured tropical
cyclone exposure differently and mostly analyzed a single event. The
study designs employed were mostly pre-post comparisons that had several
limitations affecting internal validity. These differences also prevent
the quantitative pooling of evidence. A standardized approach to
measuring the association between tropical cyclones and diarrheal
diseases can be devised by suggesting the most appropriate exposure
definition and modeling.