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\begin{document}

\title{The Epidemiology of Critical Respiratory Diseases in Ex-premature
Infants in Vietnam: A Prospective Single-Center Study}



\author[1]{Phuc Huu Phan}%
\author[1]{Hanh My Thi Tran}%
\author[1]{Canh Ngoc Hoang}%
\author[1]{Thang Van Nguyen}%
\author[2]{Bin Huey  Quek}%
\author[2]{Jan Hau Lee}%
\affil[1]{Benh vien Nhi Trung uong}%
\affil[2]{KK Women's and Children's Hospital}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{June 13, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
\textbf{Introduction} This study aimed to describe the epidemiology and
etiologies of critical respiratory diseases of ex-premature infants
(EPIs) admitted to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). In addition, we
described the outcomes and resources used of EPIs and identified
associated factors for mortality of these infants. \textbf{Materials and
Methods} Infants [?]2 years old with acute respiratory illnesses admitted
to PICU of Vietnam National Children's Hospital from November 2019 to
April 2021 were enrolled. We compared respiratory pathogens, outcomes,
and PICU resources utilized between term infants and EPIs. Univariate
followed by multivariable regression analysis were used to evaluate the
association between risk factors and mortality. \textbf{Results} Among
1,183 patients aged [?]2 years were admitted for critical respiratory
illness, 202 (17.1\%) were EPIs. Respiratory viruses were detected in
53.5\% and 38.2\% among EPIs and term infants, respectively. Compared to
term infants, a higher proportion of EPIs required mechanical
ventilation (MV) (66.5 vs. 85.6\%, p\textless{}0.005) and vasopressor
support (10.7 vs. 37.6\%, p\textless{}0.005). EPIs had a longer median
duration of PICU stay (11.0 {[}IQR: 7; 22{]} vs. 6.0 days {[}IQR: 3;
11{]}, p=0.09), hospital stay (21.5 {[}IQR: 13; 40{]} vs. 10.0 days
{[}IQR: 5; 18{]}, p\textless{}0.005) and case fatality rate (31.3\% vs.
22.6\%) compared to term infants. In EPIs, PIM3 score {[} (aOR): 1.51;
95\% (CI): 1.30-1.75{]} and PELOD2 score at admission (aOR: 1.41; 95\%
CI: 1.08-1.85) were associated with mortality. \textbf{Conclusion} EPIs
with critical respiratory illnesses constituted a significant population
in the PICU and required more PICU support and had worse clinical
outcomes compared to term infants.%
\end{abstract}%



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\verb`Table 4_Phan et al.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/763656/articles/741017-the-epidemiology-of-critical-respiratory-diseases-in-ex-premature-infants-in-vietnam-a-prospective-single-center-study}

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