Tuberculosis drugs
Tuberculosis/HIV co-infection is common among people living with HIV
(PLWH) in TB endemic settings, often requiring initiation of TB
treatment alongside ART. Early initiation of ART within two weeks of
initiating TB treatment is recommended among people living with HIV.
Isoniazid and rifampicin constitute the backbone of TB treatment
regimens, usually combined with ethambutol and pyrazinamide in a two
month “intensive phase” as part of a 6-month regimen. More recently a
4-month regimen including rifapentine and moxifloxacin has been shown to
be non-inferior to the standard 6-month regimen and may become part of
WHO guidelines . However, rifampin and rifapentine are potent inducers
of many metabolic pathways and transporters including CYP3A4 and UGT1A1
which complicates coadministration with many antiretrovirals, including
cabotegravir and rilpivirine .