Females Females Females Females Females Females Males Males Males Males Males Males
PC1 PC1 PC1 PC2 PC2 PC2 PC1 PC1 PC1 PC2 PC2 PC2
X2 DF P X2 DF P X2 DF P X2 DF P
Population 0.75 3 0.86 1.72 3 0.63 2.28 3 0.52 0.62 3 0.89
Time period 0.24 1 0.63 1.25 1 0.26 0.001 1 0.97 0.005 1 0.94
Population × time period 31.73 3 < 0.001 2.68 3 0.44 27.14 3 < 0.001 10.15 3 < 0.05