Comparison of baseline characteristics
Complete bidirectional conduction block of all four PVs was achieved in all patients. Among the 190 patients enrolled, 21 (11%) experienced AF recurrence during the follow-up period. The clinical characteristics of the enrolled patients are shown in Table 1. There were no significant differences between the two groups in echocardiographic parameters, including LA dimension; 12-lead electrocardiographic parameters; underlying diseases; medications; CHADS2 score; and CA procedure performed.