Figure 6 Influence of the turbulent energy dissipation rate on drop breakup frequency. (a) with different drop sizes, σ = 35 mN/m; (b) with different interfacial tensions, d = 1 mm

Figure 7 shows the drop breakup frequency versus the interfacial tension. It can be seen that drop breakup frequency increases with increasing the interfacial tension at very small interfacial tensions, implying that the effect of the interfacial tension on drop breakup time is more significant compared with the effect on drop breakup probability. As the interfacial tension exceeds a critical value, Figure 7 shows that the breakup frequency decreases with the increase of the interfacial tension, implying that the effect of interfacial tension on drop breakup probability is more significant at this moment. The lower side of the intersection of the gray line with each line in Figure 7a (or the shading region in Figure 7b) also represents the accurate prediction ranges of the breakup model