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\begin{document}

\title{Hall Thruster Plume Effects on Spacecraft Charging from 0.067 AU to 1 AU}



\author[1]{Tejaswi Shinde}%
\author[2]{Iver H. Cairns}%
\author[3]{Jason M. Held}%
\author[4]{Gregoire Deprez}%
\affil[1]{University of Sycdney}%
\affil[2]{University of Sydney}%
\affil[3]{CEO of Saber Astronautics}%
\affil[4]{European Space Agency}%


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  \date{May 27, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
The backflow plume from an electric thruster can lead to the
accumulation of electrostatic charge on the spacecraft, leading to a
negative charge. Interactions between the plume and solar wind can
further influence the charge distribution, resulting in variations in
spacecraft potential and interference with sensitive instruments. A 3D
Particle-In-Cell (PIC) simulation tool within the Spacecraft Plasma
Interaction Software (SPIS) is used to compute spacecraft charging
effects from 0.067 to 1 Astronomical unit (AU). The study examines the
dynamic behaviour of ambient electrons and ions, thruster electrons, and
CEX-ions, as well as photoemission and secondary electrons, and solar
photon flux impact on the spacecraft potential. The main finding is the
demonstration that the high dominance of CEX-ions and thruster electrons
helps to achieve a low and stable negative potential ranging from -2 to
-6 V from 0.067 AU to 1 AU when the thruster is on, as opposed to the
varying range of -5 to +9 V with the thruster off. Other findings are
that the elimination of photoelectrons or secondary electrons has a
comparatively greater impact on spacecraft potential when the thruster
is off, as opposed to when the thruster is on. Both CEX-ions and
thruster electrons significantly contribute to the mitigation and
regulation of spacecraft potential towards a less negative potential in
situations where photoemission or secondary electrons are absent or
relatively unimportant.%
\end{abstract}%



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\verb`981990_0_art_file_11712391_s601yt.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/710979/articles/695446-hall-thruster-plume-effects-on-spacecraft-charging-from-0-067-au-to-1-au}

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