<div><b>Microbiome and metabolic activity of the Soybean nodule changed
by the Rhizobacteria and <i>Fusarium</i> complex</b></div><div>M. Saleem<sup>1</sup>, <b>Md Imam ul
Khabir<sup>1</sup></b> , Jannat Jhumur<sup><b>1</b></sup> ,Z.
H. Pervaiz<sup>2</sup></div><div><sup>1</sup>Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State
University</div><div><sup>2</sup>Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University</div><div><b>Keyword</b> : Microbiome, DNA Extraction,16S RNA,Sequencing,
Microbial community, Microbial Diversity,OTU,Nodule Microbiome,BNF.</div><div>Soybean plants develop symbiotic associations with rhizobia to form
nodules in which the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) occurs, which is
an important nitrogen source for plant growth. Though soybean
root-microbiome interactions are studies, we know little about nodule
microbiome and metabolome, and how it is influenced by beneficial and
pathogenic microbes. Here,we investigated the effect of rhizobacterial
(growth promoting) and <i>Fusarium spp</i> .,(causing root rot disease)
consortia on nodule microbiome and metabolome via seed inoculation in a
field experiment.The soybean seeds were inoculated with<i>beneficial</i> and <i>pathogenic</i> consortia while the<i>control</i> represented the un-inoculated seeds. These seeds were
sown in an experimental field soil managed by the University of
Nebraska,Lincoln (UNL).The nodules were collected from soybean plants
and DNA was extracted.The frozen nodules were crushed in the
super-deionized water and metabolome analysis was done at the UNL.The
16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was done at the University of
Minnisota.Though <i>Proteobacteria</i> dominanted the nodule microbiome,
the abundance of other phyla was also significant across all
treatments.Both consortia suppressed dominant bacterial families
(including population of <i>Bradyrhizobiumsp</i> .)while rhizobacterial
consortia incrased the diversity of nodule microbiome.The soybean
nodules exhibited a rich community of bacterial phyla while microbiome
was dominated by <i>Proteobacteria</i> in all treatments<i>.</i> Pathogen
and beneficial consortia suppressed <i>Proteobacteria</i> though later
increased OTU diversity and decreased the abundance of<i>Bradyrhizobiumsp</i> . Pathogen increased amino acids and organic
compounds contents while rhizobacteria increased the contents of sugar
acids, sugar alcohol, and organic acids.So,pathogen and benecifial
consortia altered nodule microbiome and metabolome though their effects
on BNF remain understudied.</div>