Statistical analysis
All statistical analyses were performed in R version 3.5.3. Before the analysis, all the data were tested for normal distribution and variance homogeneity. For data that adhere to normal distribution and variance homogeneity, analysis of variance (ANOVA) is employed. Alternatively, Kruskal-Wallis H Test was used for data with abnormal distribution or uneven variance. For all graphs, data were expressed as mean ± SEM (standard error of the mean), and P -values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.