Introduction:
Sebaceous cysts, often known as epidermoid cysts, are keratin-containing
unilocular retention cysts. It frequently appears on the head, neck,
scalp, scrotum, earlobe, and breast, and can range in size from a few
millimetres to less than a few centimetres. When an epidermal cyst
exceeds more than 5 cm in diameter, it is considered a giant cyst. The
development of cancer is more likely in giant epidermal cysts, which are
uncommon.1
Conventional sebaceous cysts are typically small, slowly expanding,
non-sensitive lesions with a dome shape. Unless it becomes infected or
enlarges to the point where it damages nearby anatomical structures, an
epidermal cyst is typically asymptomatic. Authors have previously
described enormous epidermal cysts with diameters greater than 5
cm.2,3
A well-developed granular cell layer lines epidermoid cysts, which are
also lined by stratified squamous epithelium. On rare occasions, the
cyst wall may also contain pseudostratified ciliated columnar
epithelium. The cyst wall may have calcification of a dystrophic type.
The preferred course of action is excision. Studying the occurrence of
enormous sebaceous cysts was the goal.4
Epidermal inclusion cysts, ganglion cysts, neurogenic tumors, myxoid
tumors, nodular fasciitis, and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans are among
the possible diagnoses. The reported incidence of malignant degeneration
to squamous-cell carcinoma is 2.2%. 5
The present study reported a case of a giant sebaceous cyst over the
posterior upper back in a 75-year-old male.