Discussion
In this study, we successfully developed a generic pump-free organ-on-a-chip platform and used it to mimic the physiological characteristics of the human intestinal barrier. After determining the appropriate flow rate through fluid simulation, the intestinal cells cultured on our platform proliferate and differentiate vigorously, forming an intestinal barrier and demonstrating its function through the oscillation of the rocker to provide fluid. Subsequently, we investigated the impact of fluid dynamics on cells in our system using RNA-seq analysis, which revealed significant differences in metabolic pathways. Based on these promising results, we proceeded to evaluate the bioavailability of drugs using our gut-on-a-chip model, achieving excellent linear relationship simulations. These data conclusively confirm the applicability of our platform and its potential as a substitute for traditional organ chip models.
Looking ahead, our chip platform has the capability to simulate various human physiological systems, particularly those at the interface in vivo, such as the blood-brain barrier, alveoli, glomeruli, and more. By enabling the culture of different types of cells on both sides of the membrane and providing shear force through a rocker mechanism to simulate different body fluid conditions, we can further enhance the versatility of our platform. However, we recognize the need to address specific limitations and challenges to maximize the potential of our chip system. This includes enhancing the longevity and stability of cultured cells, optimizing fluidic dynamics within the chip, and expanding the range of cell types to better emulate the complexity of the human body.
In the future, we hope to establish a powerful model that integrate organ-on-a-chip technology with advanced analytical techniques and computational models aiming to transcend the limitations of animal testing, especially in drug development and toxicity studies. By leveraging these cutting-edge tools, we anticipate achieving a deeper understanding of drug behavior, leading to the identification and development of safer and more effective therapeutics, ultimately benefiting human health and transforming the landscape of pharmaceutical research.