Conclusion
Residential buildings are major consumers of energy which are
responsible for greenhouse gas emissions as well (34). In today’s world,
population growth is one of the main reasons behind the increase in
demands for fossil fuels in the building sector; this involves certain
significant consequences such as air pollution, global warming, and
greenhouse gas emissions. Optimal climatic design is one of the best
strategies to reduce the demand for energy and costs in buildings; in
this strategy, designs are carried out proportionate to weather
conditions to facilitate the increase in energy efficiency. The first
defensive step against weather is a suitable design that is mainly under
the influence of climatic factors. When buildings are designed by paying
attention to weather conditions, the need for acquiring thermal comfort
through mechanical cooling and heating devices decreases. Consequently,
it can be used to create a pleasant interior space in buildings where
maximum energy is used. Since the most effective parameters for reducing
energy consumption include design parameters, building’s shape and
direction, and transparency, paying attention to the optimal pattern for
these parameters is of utmost importance regarding the amount of energy
consumption under any climates.
The present study was conducted to examine the physical parameters of
residential buildings and offer an optimal pattern for these parameters
in Ilam City; final results showed that square shaped buildings had the
lowest amount of energy consumption and increased length-to-width ratio
raises energy consumption.
The results of this study can be applicable in two forms. Regarding the
already constructed buildings, the findings of this study on the issue
of transparency show that energy consumption can be reduced by offering
optimal changes in the openings. As for the buildings that are planned
to be constructed, the results of this study can definitely be
considered and employed. Moreover, using these softwares in the
construction process of a building can be effective in reducing energy
consumption. Given the physical parameters of buildings mentioned in
this study, the common construction materials in Ilam City and single
glazed windows were taken into account.
It should also be noted that the results of this study can be different
for various climates and construction styles; therefore, the results are
specific to Ilam City. Ultimately, it is recommended to review the
parameters in case of applying the recommended pattern on a different
climate or geographical situation.