This study was conducted in three parts which are as
follows:
First, the physical models of the samples were simulated using the
Ecotect Analysis11A
building simulation software 2011 software; moreover, the amount of
consumed by each sample, given the total area of openings, were
calculated via Energy
Plus22A fuel consumption simulation software 8.2.0 software,
with respect to the climate conditions of sample city—Ilam City. The
openings in these eight samples were evaluated from 0 to 100% in terms
10-100% wall transparency so as to analyze energy consumption at peak
hot and cold periods as well as the thermal comfort and air
conditioning. Furthermore, to gain a better understanding of the
results, software outputs were inserted into
Excel at each stage and the
results were presented as charts.
Next, given the significance of the amount of received solar energy as a
natural energy source, it was analyzed both as a thermal and lighting
source and the quantitative results were provided for all eight samples.
Then, the results were expressed as
mathematical functions33In
hot and cold conditions, comfort period, and air conditioning along
with the amount of natural lighting and the results of previous
stages were transformed into assessable
mathematical charts44Calculations
were transformed into a quadratic function using Excel and the best
modes of energy consumption and opening percentage were specified
relatively followed by optimization.; ultimately, the optimal
transparency and lighting in each sample followed by the optimal extent
of energy consumption were measured using the defined parameters.
Finally, to offer an optimal building pattern based on the selected
parameters in this study, the most optimal models related to
transparency, openings, plan, and building orientation were offered;
subsequently, the extent of energy consumption was analyzed based on
these models to ensure the optimality of the proposed model.
This study represents parameters such as plan, the total areas of
openings, the extent of wall transparency and building orientation
relative to geographical direction in relation to energy consumption in
residential buildings of Ilam City which has a cold, temperate climate
(Figure 1).