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Significant depletion of T-cells was noted in cirrhotic patients (5.8
[0.5-20.1]) as compared to HCW (13.1 [1.6-31.3]) and
unvaccinated individuals (12.3 [7.8-19.6]; (P=0.001 & P=0.000)
respectively. However, the ratio of CD4+T to CD8+T cells was not altered
in any group. By analyzing expression of CD45RA and CD197 (CCR7),
subsets of central memory (CM), effector memory (EM) and effector memory
RA (EMRA) were identified in both CD4+ or CD8+ T-cell. From the
CD45RA+CD197+ gate, CD95+ stem cell memory and CD95- naïve T cells were
further identified. Significant difference was noted in various memory
subsets [EMRA (P= 0.141, P= 0.000), EM (P= 0.000, P= 0.00), CM (P=
0.000, P= 0.00), SCM (P= 0.009, P= 0.08) and naïve (P= 0.000, P=
0.02)] of CD4+T and CD8+T in all three group respectively. (Table II)
On post-hoc analysis, directed at cirrhotic versus HCW, only T-cell
distributions were found to be statistically different in the two groups
(p<0.001; Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z = 2.119). The various memory
cells subsets in cirrhotic and HCW group did not show any difference,
though there was significantly raised in comparison to unvaccinated
individual. (Figure-3)
CM and SCM are responsible for long term maintenance of memory cells
which were absent in unvaccinated individuals as they were not
vaccinated. All HCW and 89.47% cirrhotic patients developed
CD4+TCM. 63.88% HCW and 47.36% cirrhotic patients
developed CD4+TSCM . 36.11% HCW and 36.84% cirrhotic
patients developed CD8+TCM. 41.66% HCW and 42.10%
cirrhotic patients developed CD8+TSCM. There was no
difference between memory cells on T-cells between vaccinated cirrhotic
patients and vaccinated HCW.(Figure-4)