Results
Patient characteristics
In total 156 patients were included, 74 males and 82 females. The mean age was 6.9 ± 7.4 years and mean weight was 23.7 ± 14.6 kg. There were 114 cases with different levels of tricuspid regurgitation. The baseline characteristics and perioperative information are shown in Table 1.
Perioperative results
The mean size of the ASD was 9.7 ± 4.7 mm, and the occluder was 14.1 ± 5.7 mm. The mean length of the superior vena cava rim, inferior vena cava rim, aortic rim, posterior rim and atrioventricular valve rim were 8.5 ± 4.0 mm, 11.4 ± 4.3mm, 1.8 ± 2.2 mm, 9.3 ± 3.4 mm, and 9.1 ± 3.2 mm. Tricuspid regurgitation was 1.1 ± 1.0 cm2 and mean pulmonary artery pressure was 30.9 ± 9.4 mmHg. The type of bent sheath was 8.3 ± 1.6 F. The operation time(From puncture right internal jugular vein to leaving the operating room) was 49.6 ± 29.2 min, the ICU time was 6.9 ± 8.3 h, the ventilator time was 1.2 ± 1.5 h. No case required blood transfusion. All patients were occluded successfully. There are 3 patient had a small residual shunt of 1-2mm. The residual shunt had disappeared at the 3-6-12month follow-up. There were no complications such as atrioventricular block, pericardial effusion, thromboembolism, hematoma at puncture site and arteriovenous fistula.