In this work, we investigate various types of ionospheric disturbances
observed over Europe after the earthquake in Turkey on 6 February
2023.By combining observations from Doppler sounding systems,
ionosondes, and GNSS receivers, we are able to discern different types
of disturbances, propagating with different velocities and through
different mechanisms. We can detect the co-seismic disturbances produced
in the ionosphere close to the epicenter, as well the ionospheric
signatures of acoustic waves propagating as a consequence of propagating
seismic waves.