3.1. Effect of DMF on oxidative stress parameters
The antioxidant activity of DMF was assessed in rats following acute DOX exposure, as oxidative stress plays a vital role in DOX-induced cytotoxicity. Administration of DOX alone (Group III) caused a highly significant increase (p < 0.0001) in the MDA level in comparison to the control group (Group I) ; However, pre-treatment with DMF (Group IV) significantly ameliorated the increase in MDA serum level Fig. 1A . Additionally, DOX alone(Group III) led to significant GSH depletion, as well as SOD and GPx-1 exhaustion, compared to the control group (Group I).In contrast, pre-treatment with DMF prior to DOX exposure (Group IV) significantly increased the levels of GSH and restored SOD and GPx-1 activity levels in comparison to the DOX group (Group III), as shown in Fig. 1B-D. Furthermore, DMF alone(Group II) caused no significant difference in MDA level (p > 0.05) Fig. 1A and significantly increased SOD serum level (p < 0.001) when compared to the control group