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\begin{document}

\title{Saline-alkali land amelioration by cultivating Melia azedarach and
characterization of underlying mechanisms via metabolome analysis}



\author[1]{Xiaohua Long}%
\author[1]{Na Li}%
\author[1]{Tianyun Shao}%
\author[1]{Xinglan Wang}%
\author[1]{Chenyunzhu Tao}%
\author[1]{Xiao Yan}%
\author[1]{Xiumei  Gao}%
\author[2]{ Zed  Rengel}%
\affil[1]{Nanjing Agricultural University College of Resources and Environmental Sciences}%
\affil[2]{The University of Western Australia}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{June 08, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Soil salinization leading to ecological degradation and \emph{Melia
azedarach} can be effective in improving soil characteristics, such as
reducing soil salinity. However, the mechanisms underlying the
adaptation of \emph{Melia azedarach} to saline-alkali land are unknown.
In this study, we analyzed the soil properties and metabolome of
\emph{Melia azedarach} roots grown in high-salt (11.5 g/kg), medium-salt
(7.5 g/kg), and low-salt soils (0.37 g/kg) to explore the mechanisms of
adaptation of \emph{Melia azedarach} to salt stress. Soil Na
\textsuperscript{+} was decreased, while soil organic matter, alkaline
phosphatase and urease activities were increased when \emph{Melia
azedarach} was planted in low-, medium- and high- saline alkali soil.
The metabolome analysis showed that the number of differential
metabolites (DEMs), especially the up-regulated DEMs rose with the soil
salinity increased. The sugar, amino acid and flavonoid DEMs produced by
\emph{Melia azedarach} were mostly up-regulated with the increase of
soil salinity. The results demonstrated \emph{Melia azedarach} was able
to alleviate saline stress and reduce soil salinity. We propose that in
situ bioremediation with \emph{Melia azedarach} could be considered to
ameliorate the coastal saline-alkali soil.%
\end{abstract}%



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