2. Materials and methods
2.1. Evaporation experiment
The test site is located at the Environment and Ecological Restoration Production and Research Base at Yangtze University in China (114.04°N, 30.53°E) (Fig. 1). It is situated in a subtropical humid monsoon climate zone, with abundant rainfall and sunshine and four distinct seasons. The mean annual air temperature, mean annual precipitation, and mean annual evaporation are 16.9 °C, 1217 mm, and 934 mm, respectively. The precipitation exhibits evident seasonality and is primarily concentrated in June, July, and August. The soils in the surface layer of the test area are not non-homogeneous, and the lithologies are all silty loam soils with a water table depth of 1.9-2.8 m.