Statistical analysis
The statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 26 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). The quantitative and qualitative variables are shown as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and absolute number (or percentage), respectively. One-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to investigate the normal distribution of parameters. One-way ANOVA test is used to compare the means of continuous parameters and the independent sample Kruskal-Wallis test for nonparametric variables. Spearman and Pearson’s correlation is applied for nonparametric and parametric variables, respectively, to explore the correlation between different variables. Finally, a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of the echocardiographic parameters and measurement of the area under the curve (AUC) was performed. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.