\documentclass[10pt]{article}

\usepackage{fullpage}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{parskip}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\usepackage[section]{placeins}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{breakcites}
\usepackage{lineno}
\usepackage{hyphenat}





\PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}
\usepackage[colorlinks = true,
            linkcolor = blue,
            urlcolor  = blue,
            citecolor = blue,
            anchorcolor = blue]{hyperref}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\makeatletter
\patchcmd\@combinedblfloats{\box\@outputbox}{\unvbox\@outputbox}{}{%
  \errmessage{\noexpand\@combinedblfloats could not be patched}%
}%
\makeatother


\usepackage{natbib}




\renewenvironment{abstract}
  {{\bfseries\noindent{\abstractname}\par\nobreak}\footnotesize}
  {\bigskip}

\titlespacing{\section}{0pt}{*3}{*1}
\titlespacing{\subsection}{0pt}{*2}{*0.5}
\titlespacing{\subsubsection}{0pt}{*1.5}{0pt}


\usepackage{authblk}


\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[space]{grffile}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage{tabulary}
\usepackage{booktabs,array,multirow}
\usepackage{amsfonts,amsmath,amssymb}
\providecommand\citet{\cite}
\providecommand\citep{\cite}
\providecommand\citealt{\cite}
% You can conditionalize code for latexml or normal latex using this.
\newif\iflatexml\latexmlfalse
\providecommand{\tightlist}{\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}}%

\AtBeginDocument{\DeclareGraphicsExtensions{.pdf,.PDF,.eps,.EPS,.png,.PNG,.tif,.TIF,.jpg,.JPG,.jpeg,.JPEG}}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[english]{babel}



\usepackage{float}








\begin{document}

\title{Lake Modeling on Mars for Atmospheric Reconstructions and Simulations
(LakeM\textsuperscript{2}ARS): An intermediate-complexity model for
simulating Martian lacustrine environments}



\author[1]{Eleanor Louise Moreland}%
\author[1]{Sylvia Genevieve Dee}%
\author[1]{Yueyang Jiang}%
\author[2]{Grace Bischof}%
\author[3]{Michael A Mischna}%
\author[1]{Nyla Hartigan}%
\author[4]{James M. Russell}%
\author[2]{John E Moores}%
\author[1]{Kirsten L. Siebach}%
\affil[1]{Rice University}%
\affil[2]{York University}%
\affil[3]{Jet Propulsion Laboratory}%
\affil[4]{Brown University}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{June 11, 2024}


\begingroup
\let\center\flushleft
\let\endcenter\endflushleft
\maketitle
\endgroup





\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
Geomorphic and stratigraphic studies of Mars prove extensive liquid
water flowed and pooled on the surface early in Mars' history. Martian
paleoclimate models, however, have difficulty simulating climate
conditions warm enough to maintain liquid water on early Mars.
Reconciling the geologic record and paleoclimatic simulations of Mars is
critical to understanding Mars' early history, atmospheric conditions,
and paleoclimate. This study uses an adapted lake energy balance model
to investigate the connections between Martian geology and climate. The
Lake Modeling on Mars for Atmospheric Reconstructions and Simulations
(LakeM\textsuperscript{2}ARS) model is modified from an earth-based lake
model to function in Martian conditions. We use
LakeM\textsuperscript{2}ARS to investigate conditions necessary to
simulate a lake in Gale crater. Working at a localized scale, we combine
climate input from the Mars Weather Research \& Forecasting general
circulation model with geologic constraints from Curiosity rover
observations; in doing so, we identify potential climatic conditions
required to maintain a seasonal liquid lake. We successfully model lakes
in Gale crater while varying initial climate conditions, lake size, and
water salinity. Our results show that ice-free conditions in a plausible
Gale crater lake are best supported when the lake is small,
\textasciitilde{}10 m deep, and air temperatures reach or are just above
freezing seasonally during a Martian year. Continued use and iteration
of LakeM\textsuperscript{2}ARS will strengthen connections between Mars'
paleoclimate and geology to inform climate models and enhance our
understanding of conditions on early Mars.%
\end{abstract}%



\sloppy


\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`Moreland_et_al_ESS_LakeMAARS_manuscript.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/544241/articles/714885-lake-modeling-on-mars-for-atmospheric-reconstructions-and-simulations-lakem2ars-an-intermediate-complexity-model-for-simulating-martian-lacustrine-environments}

\selectlanguage{english}
\FloatBarrier
\end{document}

