Acknowledgements

PRN and MJM were supported by NASA Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (ABoVE) Grant 80NSSC19M0112. AJM was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, administered by Universities Space Research Association under contract with NASA. ZP was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE-1650604 and DGE-2034835. Any opinion, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF. ELO and TSM were supported by NASA ABoVE project 80NSSC19M0129. DY and SS were supported by the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiment in the Arctic (NGEE Arctic) project that is supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research in the United States Department of Energy, Office of Science, and through the Department of Energy contract No. DE-SC0012704 to Brookhaven National Laboratory, and SS was also partially supported by the NASA Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) mission study (under contract #NNG20OB24A). GVF was partially supported by NASA ABoVE Grant NNH16CP09C. SFO and SU were partially supported by NSF Office of Polar Programs award number 1836898. SVZ, PKE, and KFH were partially supported by NASA ABoVE grant NNX17AC58A, and SVZ was also partially supported by NSF ITEX-AON 1836861. MV was partially supported by NOAA NA16SEC4810008. AVIRIS-NG data was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Earth Science Division, and acquired by the NASA ABoVE project. The data shown in Figure 5 were collected under a project funded by the OPP of the NSF awarded to Donatella Zona (award number 1204263) with additional logistical support funded by the NSF OPP, and Carbon in Arctic Reservoirs Vulnerability Experiment (CARVE), an Earth Ventures (EV-1) investigation, under contract with NASA. A portion of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA (80NM0018D0004).