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\begin{document}

\title{How will global carbon cycle respond to negative emissions?}



\author[1]{Jong-Seong Kug}%
\author[1]{So-Won Park}%
\author[1]{Kyung Min Noh}%
\author[2]{Soon-Il An}%
\author[3]{Jonghun Kam}%
\author[4]{Eun Young Kwon}%
\author[3]{Seung-Ki Min}%
\author[5]{Rokjin J. Park}%
\author[5]{Seok-Woo Son}%
\author[6]{Sang-Wook Yeh}%
\affil[1]{POSTECH}%
\affil[2]{Yonsei University}%
\affil[3]{Pohang University of Science and Technology}%
\affil[4]{IBS Center for Climate Physics}%
\affil[5]{Seoul National University}%
\affil[6]{Hanyang University, ERICA}%


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  \date{June 18, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
In most emissions scenarios consistent with the temperature targets of
the Paris Agreement, carbon dioxide removal (CDR) would be required to
achieve net negative emissions. The efficiency of CDR depends on the
behavior of the natural carbon reservoirs, land and ocean, that regulate
atmospheric CO2 concentrations, but their change in response to negative
emissions is highly uncertain. Here, we investigate the response of the
terrestrial and oceanic carbon cycle to negative emissions based on an
idealized emission-driven simulation using a state-of-the-art Earth
system model. The terrestrial and oceanic carbon sinks become carbon
sources \textasciitilde{}30 years after the onset of negative emissions.
Thereafter, although the atmospheric CO2 concentration returns to its
initial level, the terrestrial ecosystem and the ocean continue to
release carbon. The ocean recovers as a carbon sink within a few
decades, while the terrestrial ecosystem remains a carbon source until
the end of the simulation. The prolonged carbon emissions from the land
are due to the delayed response of respiration to the earlier increase
in terrestrial carbon uptake. As a result, the total carbon stock on
land gradually decreases but still remains higher than its initial
state. The ocean carbon inventory shows an irreversible change within a
few centuries due to the accumulation of anthropogenic CO2 in the deep
ocean, which would take more than centuries to be removed naturally.%
\end{abstract}%



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\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`963996_0_art_file_11008267_rvv0qq.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/535479/articles/649243-how-will-global-carbon-cycle-respond-to-negative-emissions}

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