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\begin{document}

\title{The time scale of shallow convective self-aggregation in large-eddy
simulations is sensitive to numerics}



\author[1]{Martin Janssens}%
\author[2]{Jordi Vilà-Guerau de Arellano}%
\author[1]{Chiel C. van Heerwaarden}%
\author[1]{Bart van Stratum}%
\author[3]{Stephan R De Roode}%
\author[4]{Pier Siebesma}%
\author[5]{Franziska Glassmeier}%
\affil[1]{Wageningen University \& Research}%
\affil[2]{Wageningen University Research}%
\affil[3]{Delft University of Technology}%
\affil[4]{TU Delft}%
\affil[5]{TU  Delft}%


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  \date{May 23, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
Numerical simulations of the tropical mesoscales often exhibit a
self-reinforcing feedback between cumulus convection and shallow
circulations, which leads to the self-aggregation of large cloud
structures. We investigate whether this basic feedback can be adequately
captured by large-eddy simulations (LESs). To do so, we simulate the
non-precipitating, cumulus-topped boundary layer of the canonical
`BOMEX'; case over a range of numerical settings in two models. Since
the energetic convective scales underpinning the self-aggregation are
only slightly larger than typical LES grid spacings, aggregation
timescales do not converge even at rather high resolutions (less than
100m). Therefore, high resolutions or improved unresolved scales models
may be required to faithfully represent certain forms of trade-wind
mesoscale cloud patterns and self-aggregating deep convection in
large-eddy and cloud-resolving models, and to understand their
significance relative to other processes that organise the tropical
mesoscales.%
\end{abstract}%



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