Figure 2 . Climatological annual cycle of the 2-m air temperature for selected regions from CAS-FGOALS-g3 and observations from Matsuura and Willmott (2001). Regions are defined as follows: Alaska (56°–75°N, 167°–141°W), Central Canada (46°–61°N, 123°–97°W), eastern Siberia (51°–66°N, 112°–138°E), eastern United States (27°–47°N, 92°–72°W), Europe (37°–57°N, 0°–32°E), China (18°–42°N, 100°–125°E), Amazon (14°S–5°N, 74°–53°W), Sahel (4°–19°N, 0°–32°E), and India (4°–28°N, 68°–94°E).