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\begin{document}

\title{Rocket Observation of sub-relativistic electrons in the quiet dayside
auroral ionosphere}



\author[1]{Taku Namekawa}%
\author[2]{Takefumi Mitani}%
\author[3]{Kazushi Asamura}%
\author[4]{Yoshizumi Miyoshi}%
\author[5]{Keisuke Hosokawa}%
\author[6]{Yasunobu Ogawa}%
\author[7]{Shinji Saito}%
\author[4]{Tomoaki Hori}%
\author[8]{Shin Sugo}%
\author[8]{Oya Kawashima}%
\author[8]{Satoshi Kasahara}%
\author[9]{Reiko Nomura}%
\author[10]{Naoshi Yagi}%
\author[10]{Mizuki Fukizawa}%
\author[10]{Takeshi Sakanoi}%
\author[11]{Yoshifumi Saito}%
\author[12]{Ayako Matsuoka}%
\author[9]{Iku Shinohara}%
\author[13]{Yury V. Fedorenko}%
\author[13]{Alexander Nikitenko}%
\author[14]{Christopher Koehler}%
\affil[1]{University of Tokyo}%
\affil[2]{ISAS/JAXA}%
\affil[3]{The Institute of Space and Astronautical Science}%
\affil[4]{Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University}%
\affil[5]{University of Electro-Communications}%
\affil[6]{National Institute of Polar Research}%
\affil[7]{National Institute of Information and Communications Technology}%
\affil[8]{The University of Tokyo}%
\affil[9]{Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency}%
\affil[10]{Tohoku University}%
\affil[11]{Institute of Space \& Astronautical Science}%
\affil[12]{Kyoto University}%
\affil[13]{Polar Geophysical Institute}%
\affil[14]{University of Colorado Boulder}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 17, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
An energy spectrum of electrons from 180 keV to 550 keV precipitating
into the dayside polar ionosphere is observed for the first time by the
HEP instrument onboard the RockSat-XN sounding rocket under
geomagnetically quiet condition (AE [?]100 nT) at And\selectlanguage{ngerman}øya, Norway. The
observed energy spectrum of precipitating electrons follows a power law
of -4.86 and the electron flux does not vary much over the observation
period (\textasciitilde{}274.4 seconds). A few minutes before the
RockSat-XN observation, POES18 / MEPED observed precipitating electrons,
which suggest chorus wave activities at the location close to the rocket
trajectory. A ground-based VLF receiver observation at Lovozero, Russia
also supports the presence of chorus waves during the rocket
observation. A test-particle simulation for wave-particle interactions
based on the Arase satellite data shows a similar energy spectrum of
precipitating electrons, consistent with the RockSat-XN observation.
These results suggest that the precipitation observed by RockSat-XN is
likely to be caused by the wave-particle interactions between chorus
waves and sub-relativistic electrons.%
\end{abstract}\selectlanguage{ngerman}%



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