Clinical outcome
Six patients (3 in the EC-negative group and 3 in the EC-positive group) had AF recurrence after the blanking period, and one patient underwent a repeat procedure due to AF recurrence. The patients who underwent repeat procedures were in the on-the-line group and had no PV reconnection. The rate of freedom from AF recurrence was similar between the two groups during the follow-up period of 312.5±137 days (94.1% in the EC-negative group vs. 87.0% in the EC-positive group, p=0.2582).