REFERENCES
1. American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (ACOG) (2018) ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 190: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Obstet Gynecol 131(2):e49–e64. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000002501
2. Sacks DA, Hadden DR, Maresh M, et al (2012) Frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus at collaborating centers based on IADPSG consensus panel-recommended criteria: the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) Study. Diabetes Care 35(3):526–528. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc11-1641
3. Ovesen PG, Fuglsang J, Andersen MB, Wolff C, Petersen OB, David McIntyre H (2018) Temporal Trends in Gestational Diabetes Prevalence, Treatment, and Outcomes at Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, between 2004 and 2016. In: J. Diabetes Res. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jdr/2018/5937059/. Accessed 3 Apr 2019
4. IADPSG (2010) International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Recommendations on the Diagnosis and Classification of Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy. Diabetes Care 33(3):676–682. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc09-1848
5. Immanuel J, Simmons D (2017) Screening and Treatment for Early-Onset Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Curr Diab Rep 17(11):115. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-017-0943-7
6. The HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group (2008) Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. N Engl J Med 358(19):1991–2002. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0707943
7. Clausen TD, Mathiesen ER, Hansen T, et al (2008) High prevalence of type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes in adult offspring of women with gestational diabetes mellitus or type 1 diabetes: the role of intrauterine hyperglycemia. Diabetes Care 31(2):340–346. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc07-1596
8. Bellamy L, Casas J-P, Hingorani AD, Williams D (2009) Type 2 diabetes mellitus after gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Lond Engl 373(9677):1773–1779. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60731-5
9. Combs CA, Gunderson E, Kitzmiller JL, Gavin LA, Main EK (1992) Relationship of fetal macrosomia to maternal postprandial glucose control during pregnancy. Diabetes Care 15(10):1251–1257. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.15.10.1251
10. Andersen MB, Fuglsang J, Ostenfeld EB, Poulsen CW, Daugaard M, Ovesen PG (2021) Postprandial interval walking—effect on blood glucose in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 3(6):100440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2021.100440
11. Christie HE, Chang CR, Jardine IR, Francois ME (2022) Three short postmeal walks as an alternate therapy to continuous walking for women with gestational diabetes. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2021-0619
12. Pahra D, Sharma N, Ghai S, Hajela A, Bhansali S, Bhansali A (2017) Impact of post-meal and one-time daily exercise in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized crossover study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-017-0263-8
13. Reynolds AN, Mann JI, Williams S, Venn BJ (2016) Advice to walk after meals is more effective for lowering postprandial glycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus than advice that does not specify timing: a randomised crossover study. Diabetologia 59(12):2572–2578. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-016-4085-2
14. Coe DP, Conger S, Kendrick JM, et al (2018) Postprandial walking reduces glucose levels in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 43(5):531–534. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2017-0494
15. Davenport MH, Sobierajski F, Mottola MF, et al (2018) Glucose responses to acute and chronic exercise during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 52(21):1357–1366. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099829
16. Andersen MB, Ovesen PG, Daugaard M, Ostenfeld EB, Fuglsang J (2020) Cycling reduces blood glucose excursions after an oral glucose tolerance test in pregnant women: A randomized crossover trial. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 45(11):1247–1252. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2020-0020
17. DiPietro L, Gribok A, Stevens M, Hamm L (2013) Three 15-min Bouts of Moderate Postmeal Walking Significantly Improves 24-h Glycemic Control in Older People at Risk for Impaired Glucose Tolerance. Diabetes Care 43(7). https://doi.org/10.2337/dc13-0084
18. García-Patterson A, Martín E, Ubeda J, María MA, Leiva A de, Corcoy R (2001) Evaluation of Light Exercise in the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes. Diabetes Care 24(11):2006–2007. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.24.11.2006
19. Health AGD of (2021) Physical Activity and Exercise Guidelines for Pregnancy. In: Aust. Gov. Dep. Health. https://www.health.gov.au/health-topics/physical-activity-and-exercise/pregnancy. Accessed 9 Jun 2022
20. Domingues MR, Barros AJD (2007) Leisure-time physical activity during pregnancy in the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study. Rev Saúde Pública 41(2):173–180. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102007000200002
21. Connelly M, Brown H, van der Pligt P, Teychenne M (2015) Modifiable barriers to leisure-time physical activity during pregnancy: a qualitative study investigating first time mother’s views and experiences. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 15:100. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-015-0529-9
22. Murphy MH, Lahart I, Carlin A, Murtagh E (2019) The Effects of Continuous Compared to Accumulated Exercise on Health: A Meta-Analytic Review. Sports Med Auckl NZ 49(10):1585–1607. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01145-2
23. Duarte-Gardea MO, Gonzales-Pacheco DM, Reader DM, et al (2018) Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Gestational Diabetes Evidence-Based Nutrition Practice Guideline. J Acad Nutr Diet 118(9):1719–1742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2018.03.014
24. Troiano RP, Berrigan D, Dodd KW, Mâsse LC, Tilert T, Mcdowell M (2008) Physical Activity in the United States Measured by Accelerometer. Med Sci Sports Exerc 40(1):181–188. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e31815a51b3
25. Desoye G, Nolan CJ (2016) The fetal glucose steal: an underappreciated phenomenon in diabetic pregnancy. Diabetologia 59(6):1089–1094. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-016-3931-6
26. Kamana K, Shakya S, Zhang H (2015) Gestational diabetes mellitus and macrosomia: a literature review. Ann Nutr Metab 66 Suppl 2:14–20. https://doi.org/10.1159/000371628
27. Moore CG, Carter RE, Nietert PJ, Stewart PW (2011) Recommendations for planning pilot studies in clinical and translational research. Clin Transl Sci 4(5):332–337. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-8062.2011.00347.x