Table 1: Published literature records of herptile species from South Africa’s urban traditional medicine.
Classification COI Reference Samples
Frogs
Schismaderma carens (Bufonidae) 1 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Reptiles
Acanthocercus atricollis (Agamidae) 1, 2 Not available
Acontias plumbeus (Scincidae) 1 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Bitis arietans (Viperidae) 1, 2, 3 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Chamaeleo dilepis (Chamaeleonidae) 1 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Chersina angulata (Testudinidae) 1 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Cordylus tropidosternum* (Cordylidae) 1 Not available
Cordylus vittifer (Cordylidae) 1 Available on BOLD only
Crocodylus niloticus (Cordylidae) 1, 2, 3 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Dendroaspis angusticeps (Elapidae) 1 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Dendroaspis polylepis (Elapidae) 1 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Dispholidus typus (Colubridae) 1 Not available
Eretmochelys imbricata (Cheloniidae) – CR 1 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Gerrhosaurus flavigularis (Gerrhosauridae) 1 Available on BOLD only
Gerrhosaurus major (Gerrhosauridae) 1 Not available
Hemachatus haemachatus (Elapidae) 1, 2 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Kinixys belliana* (Testudinidae) 1 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Kinixys natalensis (Testudinidae) – VU 2 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Kinixys speckii (Testudinidae) 1 Available on BOLD only
Lamprophis aurora (Lamprophiidae) 1 Not available
Naja melanoleuca* (Elapidae) 2 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Naja annulifera (Elapidae) 2 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Naja mossambica (Elapidae) 1, 2 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Psammophis phillipsii* (Psammophiidae) 1 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Psammophylax rhombeatus (Psammophiidae) 1 Available on BOLD only
Psammophylax tritaeniatus (Psammophiidae) 1 Not available
Pseudaspis cana (Pseudaspididae) 1 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Python natalensis (Pythonidae) 2, 3 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Smaug giganteus (Cordylidae) – VU 1 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Smaug warreni (Cordylidae) 1 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
Stigmochelys pardalis (Testudinidae) 1, 2 Available on BOLD only
Thelotornis capensis (Colubridae) 2 Not available
Varanus albigularis (Varanidae) 1, 2, 3 Not available
Varanus niloticus (Varanidae) 1, 2, 3 Available on BOLD and NCBI GenBank
CR – Assessed to be Critically Endangered (IUCN, 2022). VU – Assessed to be Vulnerable (IUCN, 2022). *Species not native to South Africa. 1 Records from Gauteng (Whiting et al., 2011). 2 Records from KwaZulu-Natal (Ngwenya, 2001). 3 Records from Eastern Cape (Simelane & Kerley, 1998). CR – Assessed to be Critically Endangered (IUCN, 2022). VU – Assessed to be Vulnerable (IUCN, 2022). *Species not native to South Africa. 1 Records from Gauteng (Whiting et al., 2011). 2 Records from KwaZulu-Natal (Ngwenya, 2001). 3 Records from Eastern Cape (Simelane & Kerley, 1998).