Methods
With the previously validated model developed by Klastrup et al., two
different methodological approaches were used to evaluate the impact of
piperacillin unbound fraction variations. In the first approach, we
evaluated the predictive performance of this model in multiple simulated
scenarios of unbound concentrations within a dataset from a previous
study [10]. This dataset contained total concentration values of
piperacillin. In the second approach, subjects were selected from the
dataset based on certain criteria to assess the impact of unbound
fraction variations on target attainment of piperacillin.