Data abstraction
Using a structured data record form, the following information was collected from each study:
(1) Basic information of literature: title, year of the study, name of the first author, publication year, and the country where the study was conducted
(2) Patient baseline characteristics, demographic data, and underlying diseases
(3) Outcomes: the success rate of LBBAP implantations, QRSd, echocardiographic findings including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level, and pacing parameters (LBB capture threshold, lead impedance, and R-wave amplitude)