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\begin{document}

\title{Interventions, outcomes and outcome measurement instruments in
stillbirth care research: A systematic review to inform the development
of a core outcome set}



\author[1]{Danya Bakhbakhi}%
\author[2]{Dimitrios  Siassakos}%
\author[3]{Anna Davies}%
\author[4]{Abi Merriel}%
\author[5]{Katie Barnard}%
\author[6]{Emma Stead}%
\author[4]{Clare Shakespeare}%
\author[7]{James Duffy}%
\author[8]{Lisa Hinton}%
\author[3]{Karolina  McDowell}%
\author[9]{Anna Lyons}%
\author[10]{Margaret Redshaw}%
\author[11]{Vicki Flenady}%
\author[12]{Alexander Heazell}%
\author[3]{Laura Timlin}%
\author[1]{Mary Lynch}%
\author[13]{Soo Downe}%
\author[14]{Pauline Slade}%
\author[15]{Lisa Thorne}%
\author[16]{Heatherjane Coombs}%
\author[17]{Aleena Wojcieszek}%
\author[18]{Margaret Murphy}%
\author[19]{Heloisa Salgado}%
\author[20]{Lindsey Wimmer}%
\author[21]{Danielle Pollock}%
\author[22]{Neelam Aggarwal}%
\author[23]{Susannah  Leisher}%
\author[16]{Kate Mulley }%
\author[24]{Irene  Attachie}%
\author[25]{Bethany Atkins}%
\author[4]{Christy Burden}%
\author[4]{Abigail Fraser}%
\affil[1]{University of Bristol Faculty of Health Sciences}%
\affil[2]{Institute for Women's Health, University College London}%
\affil[3]{North Bristol NHS Trust}%
\affil[4]{University of Bristol}%
\affil[5]{Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust}%
\affil[6]{Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust}%
\affil[7]{North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust}%
\affil[8]{University of Cambridge}%
\affil[9]{Northern General Hospital}%
\affil[10]{Oxford University}%
\affil[11]{Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland}%
\affil[12]{The University of Manchester}%
\affil[13]{University of Central Lancashire}%
\affil[14]{University of Liverpool Institute of Psychology, Health and Society}%
\affil[15]{NHS Devon Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Local Area Team}%
\affil[16]{SANDS}%
\affil[17]{University of Queensland}%
\affil[18]{University College Cork}%
\affil[19]{School of Public Health of University of Sao Paulo}%
\affil[20]{Star Legacy Foundation}%
\affil[21]{The University of Adelaide}%
\affil[22]{Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research}%
\affil[23]{International Stillbirth Alliance}%
\affil[24]{University of Ghana}%
\affil[25]{University College London}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 20, 2024}


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\selectlanguage{english}
\begin{abstract}
Background A core outcome set could address inconsistent outcome
reporting and improve evidence for stillbirth care research, which has
been identified as an important research priority. Objectives To
identify outcomes and outcome measurement instruments reported by
studies evaluating interventions after the diagnosis of a stillbirth.
Search strategy Amed, BNI, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Central
Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,
Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and WHO ICTRP from 1998 to August 2021.
Selection criteria Randomised and non-randomised comparative or
non-comparative studies reporting a stillbirth care intervention. Data
collection and analysis Interventions, outcomes reported, definitions
and outcome measurement tools were extracted. Main results 40 randomised
and 200 non-randomised studies were included. 58 different interventions
were reported, labour and birth care (52 studies), hospital bereavement
care (28 studies), clinical investigations (116 studies), care in a
multiple pregnancy (2 studies), psychosocial support (28 studies) and
care in a subsequent pregnancy (14 studies). 391 unique outcomes were
reported and organised into 14 outcome domains: labour and birth;
postpartum; delivery of care; investigations; multiple pregnancy; mental
health; emotional functioning; grief and bereavement; social
functioning; relationship; whole person; subsequent pregnancy;
subsequent children and siblings and economic. 242 outcome measurement
instruments were used, with 0-22 tools per outcome. Conclusions
Heterogeneity in outcome reporting, outcome definition and measurement
tools in care after stillbirth exists. Considerable research gaps on
specific intervention types in stillbirth care were identified. A core
outcome set is needed to standardise outcome collection and reporting
for stillbirth care research.%
\end{abstract}%



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\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`BJOG Main document stillbirth care outcomes V.2 .doc`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/488992/articles/572924-interventions-outcomes-and-outcome-measurement-instruments-in-stillbirth-care-research-a-systematic-review-to-inform-the-development-of-a-core-outcome-set}

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\verb`Figure 1.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/488992/articles/572924-interventions-outcomes-and-outcome-measurement-instruments-in-stillbirth-care-research-a-systematic-review-to-inform-the-development-of-a-core-outcome-set}

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\verb`Table 1 .docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/488992/articles/572924-interventions-outcomes-and-outcome-measurement-instruments-in-stillbirth-care-research-a-systematic-review-to-inform-the-development-of-a-core-outcome-set}

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\verb`Table 2.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/488992/articles/572924-interventions-outcomes-and-outcome-measurement-instruments-in-stillbirth-care-research-a-systematic-review-to-inform-the-development-of-a-core-outcome-set}

\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`Table 3.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/488992/articles/572924-interventions-outcomes-and-outcome-measurement-instruments-in-stillbirth-care-research-a-systematic-review-to-inform-the-development-of-a-core-outcome-set}

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