Apnea of prematurity
In terms of Apnea of prematurity, 581 participants were included for model was used to calculate overall effect. In the meta-analysis, we observed that the prophylactic caffeine group had lower incidence of apnea compared with control group (OR 0.31, 95%CI: 0.19-0.49,P< 0.001). There was no significant heterogeneity between these studies (I2=9.2%, P =0.354, Figure 3A). We thus conducted the meta-analysis using a fixed-effects model, and sensitivity analysis confirmed that the result was credible.