delivery Packaging capacity benefits Flaws
Lentivirus
Approximately 10 kb
High transduction efficiency Large cargo size Low immunogenicity Can transduce dividing and non-dividing cells in different tissues Non-specific DNA integration causing cancer risk Complex packaging structure
Adenovirus
Approximately 8-10 kb
Efficient delivery Large cargo size
Inflammatory response
Adeno-associated virus (AAV)
Approximately 4.7 kb
Multiple serotypes Low immunogenicity Can transduce dividing and non-dividing cells in different tissues Pre-existing neutralizing antibodies Long-term expression of Cas9 causing off-target effects