1. Comparison of clinical data and echocardiographic parameters between the modeling group and validation group
5 PAF patients did not undergo CPVA due to left atrial appendage thrombosis, and 8 patients did not undergo CPVA due to targeted non-pulmonary venous disease. The study finally included 276 PAF patients, including 169 males and 107 females. 103 cases (37.7%) patients had MR before the operation. All patients completed the CPVA and converted to sinus rhythm during the operation. All patients showed reduced degree of MR regurgitation after the operation, no patients with severe MR 3 months after CPVA. The patients were divided into recurrence group (24 persons) and sinus rhythm group (252 persons) according to the follow-up results at 3-6 months after operation. The PAF patients were randomly divided into modeling group (203 cases) and verification group (73 cases) by statistical software at a ratio of 75:25. The comparison of clinical data and echocardiographic parameters between the two groups is shown in Table 2. There was no statistical difference between the two groups (P >0.05) in these parameters. The two observers exhibited perfect consistency in the results of echocardiographic parameter measurement (ICC:0.912–0.977, allP <0.001).