Statistical analysis
Statistical analysis was performed by IBM SPSS Statistics 26. CIN1+, CIN2+ and CIN3+ were used as the observation endpoints, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive values (NPV), positive predictive values (PPV) and area under curve (AUC) were calculated to validate the efficacy of TS either alone or in combination with HPV test. McNemar’s exact test was used to compare these indicators between TS, hrHPV and TS combined with hrHPV. Chi-square test and Fisher exact test was used to evaluate the differences between different groups regarding TZ type and menstruation status. Spearman correlation analysis was used to verify the association between TS and p16, Ki-67. For all the statistical tests, two-sided p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.