Fish predator cue preparation
Barramundi larvae Lates calcarifer (15 individuals with a total length of 14 ± 1 mm) were reared in a 1-L bottle. Fish larvae were fed with ~100 P. incisus twice a day. After three rearing days, we removed barramundi larvae and filtered the rearing water containing fish predator cues (FPC) through a 0.5-µm filter paper. The filtered water with PFC was divided into aliquots and subsequently frozen at -20°C. FPC was thawed before being used in the experiment, as predator cue effects on the prey still remain after being frozen (Lürling & Scheffer, 2007).