Cumulative nauplii and faecals
To evaluate the reproductive output and the grazing rate of P. incisus , we quantified the cumulative nauplii and faecals in five days. Ten adults of both sexes were transferred to a separated 1-L bottle (10 replicates per treatment). Bottles were daily filtered using the same filtering net (see above) to collect the nauplii and faecals. Alive adults were returned to the bottle while the dead ones were removed. The content containing nauplii and faecals was transferred to a petri dish, fixed with Lugol (4%). The number of nauplii and feacals was counted using a stereo-microscope (SZ51, Olympus, Japan).