Figure 2: Study area: a) the general location of study area in northeast Oregon, USA, is indicated by the black dot. b) GPS telemetry locations of carnivores (black bears: tan points, bobcats: green points, cougars: dark blue points and coyotes: light blue points) used for analysis. c) Starkey Experimental Forest and Range boundary (black polygon) overlaid on the elk parturition habitat resource selection function (white areas indicate areas with low probability of selection, dark blue areas indicate high probability of selection). Tan points represent elk birth sites.