Patients
All patients underwent endovascular AAA repair between January 2013 and December 2019 were identified retrospectively from the database of hospital records. Patient demographics, perioperative variables and early and midterm outcomes were achieved from hospital database and death certificates. All of the methods within this study were in compliance with the declaration of Helsinki (7threvision, 2013) and were approved by the Institutional Review Board. The requirement for the informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study.
Indications for EVAR included (1) AAA > 5.5 cm in maximum diameter, (2) saccular type of aneurysms and (3) symptomatic aneurysms. Patients with hostile neck (which is defined as neck length ≤ 10 mm and/or reverse conical shaped necks) were all included in the study.