Baseline demographic, clinical, and operative variables
Of the 601 patients who underwent ATAAD repair, 361 were males (60.1%)
and 240 (39.9%) were females. Baseline characteristics were reported
and compared between the two groups (Table 1). Females were
significantly older, more likely to have hypertension, and more likely
to have chronic lung disease when compared to males. Other baseline
variables, including race, BMI, previous sternotomy, ejection fraction,
history of diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, or coronary artery
disease, and presence of tamponade, rupture, shock, or any malperfusion
syndrome on presentation were comparable between the two groups.
Operative variables were also reported and compared between groups
(Table 2). Females were significantly more likely than males to undergo
hemiarch replacement, while males were significantly more likely than
females to undergo total arch replacement and frozen elephant trunk.
Females were more likely than males to undergo bilateral carotid artery
replacement.