Age (years) |
63.5 ± 11.9 |
64.6 ± 12.6 |
0.351 |
Race
Caucasian
African American
Other
|
189 (85.1)
24 (10.8)
9 (4.1)
|
184 (82.9)
32 (14.4)
6 (2.7)
|
0.405
|
Body mass index (kg/m2) |
29.8 ± 6.34 |
30.1 ± 7.12 |
0.560 |
Hypertension |
182 (81.98) |
176 (79.28) |
0.471 |
Diabetes mellitus |
26 (11.71) |
24 (10.81) |
0.764 |
Chronic lung disease |
36 (16.22) |
41 (18.47) |
0.531 |
Chronic kidney disease |
7 (3.15) |
2 (0.90) |
0.175 |
Peripheral vascular disease |
81 (36.49) |
80 (36.04) |
0.921 |
Atrial fibrillation |
23 (10.36) |
25 (11.26) |
0.760 |
Coronary artery disease |
43 (19.37) |
24 (10.81) |
0.012 |
Redo sternotomy |
38 (17.12) |
20 (9.01) |
0.011 |
Root replacement |
80 (36.04) |
76 (34.23) |
0.691 |
Bicuspid aortic valve |
11 (4.95) |
6 (2.70) |
0.216 |
Preoperative hematocrit |
39.4 ± 6.20 |
36.9 ± 5.81 |
0.000 |
Aortic insufficiency ≥ moderate |
98 (44.14) |
91 (40.99) |
0.502 |
Ejection fraction |
55.0 ± 9.17 |
56.0 ± 9.71 |
0.260 |
Tamponade, rupture, or shock |
64 (28.83) |
73 (32.88) |
0.355 |
Any malperfusion syndrome |
76 (34.23) |
65 (29.28) |
0.262 |
Type of malperfusion syndrome
Cerebral
Coronary
Visceral
Renal
Iliofemoral
|
27 (12.2)
16 (7.2)
13 (5.9)
12 (5.4)
39 (17.6)
|
28 (12.6)
14 (6.3)
12 (5.4)
10 (4.5)
24 (10.8)
|
0.886
0.705
0.837
0.662
0.041
|