Declarations

Competing interests

No funds, grants, or other support was received by any of the authors for conducting this study.

Ethics approval

Publication of this retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Committee Research JESSA Hospitals Hasselt.

Consent for publication

Written patient’s or relative’s consent for publication was obtained and can be presented if needed.
References
1. Deneke T, MÜgge A. Treatment of cardiac tamponade during electrophysiology procedures: Do electrophysiologists need more than drainage? J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2009 Mar;20(3):284–6.
2. A O, JE S, MY F, B Z. Contemporary evaluation of the causes of cardiac tamponade: Acute and long-term outcomes. Cardiol J [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2021 Oct 12];23(1):57–63. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26202654/
3. Adamczyk M, Niedziela JT, Wasilewski J, Zembala MO, Kalarus Z, Gąsior M. Prevalence, management and outcomes of cardiac tamponade complicating 66,812 invasive cardiac procedures: single-center clinical registry. Postępy w Kardiol Interwencyjnej = Adv Interv Cardiol [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Oct 12];17(2):193. Available from: /pmc/articles/PMC8356823/
4. Refaat MM, Hashash JG, Shalaby AA. Late perforation by cardiac implantable electronic device leads: clinical presentation, diagnostic clues, and management. Clin Cardiol. 2010 Aug;33(8):466–75.
5. Cheng EP, Liu CF, Yeo I, Markowitz SM, Thomas G, Ip JE, et al. Risk of Mortality Following Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 Nov 5;74(18):2254–64.
6. Cappato R, Calkins H, Chen S-A, Davies W, Iesaka Y, Kalman J, et al. Prevalence and causes of fatal outcome in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009 May;53(19):1798–803.
7. TS T, WK F, ME B, GS R, DL P, JB S. Rescue echocardiographically guided pericardiocentesis for cardiac perforation complicating catheter-based procedures. The Mayo Clinic experience. J Am Coll Cardiol [Internet]. 1998 Nov 1 [cited 2021 Oct 12];32(5):1345–50. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9809946/
8. Bogachev-Prokophiev A, Sharifulin R, Elesin D, Zheleznev S, Pivkin A, Karaskov A. Successful totally thoracoscopic management of a superior vena cava perforation with a pacemaker lead. Hear Case Reports. 2016 Jul 1;2(4):300–2.