Author Contributions
JDG designed and conducted all analyses and was the main writer of the paper. RJD, JSH, GTH, JDG, and NJH conceived of the study. RJD, GTH, HPH, SRV, SBR and JEJ directed and performed field work. JSH directed and performed laboratory assays of field samples. SK, SSW, XFW, SA, and SS directed and performed genetic sequencing of avian influenza isolates. NST provided mentorship for BEAST xml coding and Bayesian phylodynamic methods. FBN and JAR provided advisory mentorship to JDG. NJH provided senior mentorship to JDG including Bayesian phylodynamic methods and BEAST coding. All co-authors read the manuscript and provided edits and feedback during the writing process.