Age (in months) |
43 |
38 |
40 |
32 |
Gender |
Female |
Male |
Male |
Male |
Presenting complaint |
Neonatal ECG (Bradycardia with varying T
morphology) |
Screening for strong family history |
Recurrent Syncope |
Recurrent Syncope |
Sudden cardiac arrest |
Yes |
No |
No |
Yes |
Congenital sensorineural hearing loss |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
QTc interval |
550 ms |
600 ms |
670 ms |
540 ms |
Family history |
No |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Modified Schwartz criteria score |
7 |
7.5 |
6.5 |
5.5 |
Echocardiography |
PDA |
Normal |
Normal |
Normal |
Pre-operative β-blocker |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Yes |
Symptom status on β-blocker |
No |
Syncope with seizures |
Yes |
Yes |
Significant events |
VT during PDA device closure |
None |
Bradycardia
after β-blocker |
None |
Level of sympathetic denervation (Lower half of stellate ganglion till) |
T5 |
T3 |
T4 |
T4 |
Additional procedure |
PDA ligation |
None |
None |
None |
Approach |
Left posterolateral Thoracotomy |
Left posterolateral
Thoracotomy |
Left posterolateral Thoracotomy |
Left posterolateral
Thoracotomy |
Pacing intervention |
Epicardial: Single chamber |
None |
Epicardial –
Dual chamber |
ILR |
Follow-up |
Asymptomatic |
Asymptomatic |
Asymptomatic |
Asymptomatic |