Marine Biological Macromolecules as Matrix Material for Biosensor fabricationNamita Bedi1, Dhaval Kumar Srivastava1, Arti Srivastava1, Supratim Mahapatra2, Pranjal Chandra2, Ashutosh Srivastava1,3*
1Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida- INDIA
2Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobiotechnology, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA
3Amity Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida- INDIA
* Corresponding author: asrivastava4@amity.edu; Phone no: +91-120-4735688
AbstractThe Ocean covers two-third of our planet and has great biological heterogeneity. Marine organisms like algae, vertebrates, invertebrates, and microbes are known to provide many natural products with biological activities as well potent sources of biomaterials for therapeutic, biomedical, biosensors, and climate stabilization. Over the years, the field of biosensors have gained huge attention due to their extraordinary ability in providing early diseases diagnosis and treatment as well as environmental pollutants. This review focuses on various biomaterials (Carbohydrtae polymers, proteins, polyacids etc) of marine origin such as Alginate, Chitin, Chitosan, Fucoidan, Carrageenan, Chondroitin Sulfate (CS), Hyaluronic acid (HA), Collagen, marine pigments, marine nanoparticles, Hydroxyapatite (HAp), Biosilica, lectins, and marine whole cell. Further, it mentions the source of such marine biomaterials and their promising evolution for the development of biosensors that are potent to be employed in the biomedical, environmental science and agricultural sciences domains.Keywords- Marine Biomaterials, Polysaccharides, Proteins, Biosensors, Biomedical and Environment