3.1.2.5. Chitosan-Modified Voltammetric Electrodes for Trace Analysis:
Chemically modified Chitosan with electrochemical voltammetry has enormous potential as efficient sorbent material for the detection of environmental pollutants including pesticides, heavy metals and dyes. The current difference between the reference and working electrodes created by the reduction or oxidation of an electrochemical biosensor is measured using a voltammetric biosensor. Anodic stripping voltammetry, sweep voltammetry and cyclic voltammetry are used for determining heavy metals with great sensitivity. Janegitza et al. (2009) demonstrated the use of chitosan-supported adsorptive stripping voltammetry for the quantification of Cu (II), Cd (II), and Hg (II) with good sensitivity in electroanalysis of heavy metals.
Nickle oxide coupled chitosan electrochemical biosensor has been applied for the estimation of an infective pathogen like E. coli andSalmonella typhi from environment and clinical samples (Solanki et al., 2015). A large number of chitin and chitosan-based biosensors have been designed till now and the above mentioned are the some of the representative in this category (Suginta et al., 2013).