Payments by company
Total payments by company were described in Figure 1. Kyorin Pharmaceutical paid the largest personal payments to the board-certified otorhinolaryngologists in total, accounting for 12.6% ($1,745,682 out of $13,873,561) of overall payments. Similarly, payments from Taiho Pharmaceutical and Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, the second and third largest paying companies, accounted for 12.3% ($1,705,181) and 12.3% ($1,704,126) of overall payments, respectively. The payments from the top ten companies occupied 73.3% of overall personal payments between 2016 and 2019. Most companies made personal payments for the purpose of lecturing to the board-certified otorhinolaryngologists.