Methods
Using payment data publicly disclosed by 92 pharmaceutical companies, we
examined magnitude, prevalence, and trend in personal payments made to
otorhinolaryngologists board certified by the Japanese Society of
Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery between 2016 and 2019 in
Japan. Furthermore, differences in payments were evaluated by whether
otolaryngologists were clinical practice guideline authors, society
board member, and academic journal editor or not. Trend in payments were
evaluated by generalized estimating equations.