Comparison between SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses associated with
pneumonia.
Unlike the group with SARS-CoV-2-associated CAP, no deaths occurred in
the group of CAP caused by other viruses.
Compared with patients with other viral-associated CAP, patients with
SARS-CoV-2-associated CAP were older (8 vs. 1 year; odds ratio [OR]
1.33 [95% confidence interval, CI 1.23;1.44], p<0.001),
had lower CRP levels (22 vs. 48 mg/L; OR 1 [95%CI 0.99;1],
p<0.001), with less wheezing (17 vs. 53%; OR 0.18 [95%CI
0.11;0.31], p<0.001) and less work of breathing (42 vs.
83%; OR 0.18 [95%CI 0.10;0.31], p<0.001) (Table 1). We
found that SARS-CoV-2 CAP was associated with a longer duration of fever
(5 vs. 4 days; OR 1.16 [95%CI 1.08;1.26], p<0.001) but
lower grade fever (37.8 vs. 39ÂșC; OR 0.35 [95%CI 0.26;0.46],
p<0.001), more chest pain (14 vs. 6%; OR 3.39 [95%CI
1.48;8.54], p 0.006) and more abdominal pain (11 vs. 4%; OR 3.17
[95%CI 1.24;9.23], p 0.024). Patients with SARS-CoV-2-associated
CAP showed more infiltrates than in the other viral CAP group by CXR (58
vs 35%; OR 2.46 [95%CI 1.53;3.98], p<0.001).
Use of oxygen therapy was more frequent in the other viral CAP group
(76.8 vs. 44%; OR: 0.24 [95%CI 0.14;0.40], p<0.001).
Conversely, patients with COVID-19 had more cardiological complications,
including myocardial dysfunction, shock or arrhythmia (16.6 vs. 8.7%,
OR 2.08 [95%CI 1.01;4.3], p=0.049) and more need of MV (7 vs.
0.7%, OR 10.8 [95%CI 1.3,85), p=0.02). There were no differences in
the use of CPAP or HVF (10 vs. 5.8%, OR 1.79 [95%CI 0.73 to 4.3],
p=0.19) or PICU admission (15 vs 9%, OR, 1.78 [95%CI, 0.85;3.77],
p=0.125).
The logistic regression model showed that PICU admission was more likely
in patients with higher levels of sodium and in patients with prior
asthma. Likewise, the odds of PICU admission increased as lymphocytes or
hemoglobin decreased (Table 2, Figure 3).