Subgroup analysis:
Subgroup analysis was done based on CKD stages; III, IV, V, and ESRD. CKD stages I and II were excluded from subgroup analysis due to low number of observations. CKD stage IV was associated with increased odds of mortality in adjusted multivariate regression model. Adjusted OR was 4.48 95% CI 1.79 – 11.2, P<0.01. CKD stages III, IV, and V were associated with increased odds of acute kidney injury with adjusted multivariate regression model Adjusted OR were 3.7 (95% CI 2.7 – 5.1, P<0.01), 5.5 (95% CI 3.1 – 9.7, P<0.01), 25.7 (95% CI 2.6 – 246, P=0.005), respectively. (Table 3)
CKD stages III, IV, V and ESRD were associated with statistically significant increase in mean length of stay by 1.37 (P<0.01), 2.99 (P<0.01), 19.27 (P<0.01) and 6.01 (P<0.01) days, respectively. CKD stage V and ESRD were associated with statistically significant increase in mean total hospital charges by 343797 USD (P=0.020) and 150610 USD (P=0.040), respectively. (Table 3).