Characteristics Chronic kidney disease Chronic kidney disease P value
Absent (n=5533) Present (n=1679)
Female 1,185 (21%) 205 (12%) <0.01
Mean Age in years (SD) 60.5 (±0.7) 67.9 (±0.8) <0.01
Age category
18-45 738 (13%) 39 (2%)
45-65 2,297 (42%) 527 (31%)
65-90 2,485 (45%) 1,100 (66%)
>90 13 (<1%) 13 (<1%)
Smoking 70 (1%) 24 (1%) 0.76
Charlson comorbidities index score <0.01
0 836 (15%) <11
1 976 (18%) <11
2 1,439 (26%) 31 (2%)
≥3 2,282 (41%) 1,648 (98%)
Median household income quartile for zip code 0.013
0-25th percentile 1,261 (23%) 463 (28%)
26th to 50th percentile 1,478 (27%) 474 (29%)
51st to 75th percentile 1,442 (26%) 364 (22%)
76th to 100th percentile 1,287 (24%) 359 (22%)
Insurance <0.01
Medicare 2788 (50%) 1233 (74%)
Medicaid 468 (8%) 123 (7%)
Private 1,964 (36 %) 257 (14%)
Self-pay 101 (2%) 13 (1%)
Hospital bed size 0.38
Small 207 (4%) 64 (4%)
Medium 1,101 (20%) 294 (17%)
Large 4,225 (76%) 1,321 (79%)
Teaching hospital 4,964 (90%) 1,530 (91%) 0.22
Comorbidities
Hypertension 3,722 (67%) 1,562 (93%) <0.01
History of MI 1,766 (32%) 675 (40%) <0.01
History of PCI 1,179 (21%) 475 (28%) <0.01
History of CABG 1,013 (18%) 527 (31%) <0.01
Congestive heart failure 3,955 (71%) 1,538 (92%) <0.01
Valvular heart disease 786 (14%) 320 (19%) 0.004
Peripheral vascular disease 2,908 (53%) 1,175 (70%) <0.01
Chronic lung disease 1,046 (19%) 435 (26%) <0.01
obesity 1,010 (18%) 312 (19%) 0.84
dementia 34 (1%) 27 (2%) 0.008
Hypothyroidism 687 (12%) 361 (21%) <0.01
Coagulopathy 286 (5%) 165 (10%) <0.01
Solid tumor without metastasis 53 (1%) 27 (2%) 0.104
Deficiency anemia 105 (2%) 67 (4%) 0.001
Dyslipidemia 2,695 (49%) 942 (56%) 0.0005
Diabetes 1,454 (26%) 774 (46%) <0.01
Liver disease 163 (3%) 87 (5%) 0.001
Sarcoidosis 127 (21%) 25 (1%) 0.14